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首页> 外文会议>The 3rd International Symposium on Material Chemistry in Nuclear Environment (Material Chemistry '02 MC'02) Mar 13-15, 2002 Tsukuba >CORROSION AND COMPATIBILITY OF STRUCTURAL MATERIALS IN LIQUID LEAD ALLOYS
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CORROSION AND COMPATIBILITY OF STRUCTURAL MATERIALS IN LIQUID LEAD ALLOYS

机译：液态铅合金中结构材料的腐蚀和相容性

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The paper describes investigations of the behavior of structural materials in both eutectic lead alloys, Pb-17Li as the liquid breeder within the European WCLL-concept for Fusion Reactors and Pb-55Bi as a possible spallation target and coolant of future Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS) for the transmutation of minor actinides and long-lived fission products from nuclear waste. Ferritic-martensitic steels of the 8-10 wt.-% Cr type are considered as structural materials for the use in liquid Pb-17Li at temperatures up to 500℃. Steels like MANET I, Optifer, F82H-mod. and EUROFER are investigated in the flowing liquid metal over a long period of time. Due to the specific physical chemistry of Pb-17Li, dissolution corrosion is the major corrosion mechanism of iron-based alloys. No oxide formation on steel surfaces can occur due to the very low oxygen potential in Pb-17Li. Therefore, only coatings could be a solution to minimize corrosion effects, at medium (500℃) and higher operational temperatures (650℃) of advanced blanket concepts. Ferritic-martensitic and austenitic steels are considered as potential structural materials for ADS application, too. But the high nickel solubility in Pb-55Bi limits the use of unprotected austenitic steels to temperatures of about 400℃. Because of the much higher oxygen potential of Pb-55Bi, a totally different strategy of minimizing corrosion must be applied. By using active oxygen control, a desired oxygen activity (concentration) will be adjusted in the liquid metal via gas phase equilibrium. If the oxygen activity of the liquid metal is set in the right "window" of the corresponding thermodynamic properties, a controlled formation of oxide layers on the steel surfaces will be found. These in-situ formed oxides can act as corrosion barriers and make the use of high-nickel alloys possible, even at temperatures of around 600℃.
机译：本文描述了两种共晶铅合金中结构材料的行为的研究，Pb-17Li作为欧洲WCLL聚变反应堆概念中的液体助剂，Pb-55Bi作为未来加速器驱动系统（ADS）的可能散裂目标和冷却剂），用于nuclear核中次要act系元素和长寿命裂变产物的trans变。 8-10 wt .-％Cr类型的铁素体-马氏体钢被认为是在温度高达500℃的液态Pb-17Li中使用的结构材料。 MANET I，Optifer，F82H-mod等钢。长期以来，我们一直在流动的液态金属中对EUROPE和EUROFER进行研究。由于Pb-17Li的特殊物理化学性质，溶解腐蚀是铁基合金的主要腐蚀机理。由于Pb-17Li中的氧势极低，因此不会在钢表面形成氧化物。因此，只有涂层才能在先进的胶布概念的中等温度（500℃）和较高操作温度（650℃）下最大程度地减少腐蚀影响。铁素体-马氏体和奥氏体钢也被认为是ADS应用的潜在结构材料。但是镍在Pb-55Bi中的高溶解度将未经保护的奥氏体钢的使用限制在约400℃的温度下。由于Pb-55Bi的氧势高得多，因此必须采用完全不同的方法来最大程度地减少腐蚀。通过使用活性氧控制，将通过气相平衡调节液态金属中所需的氧活性（浓度）。如果将液态金属的氧活度设置在相应热力学性质的“窗口”中，则会发现在钢表面上形成了受控的氧化物层。这些原位形成的氧化物可以充当腐蚀屏障，即使在600℃左右的温度下也可以使用高镍合金。

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