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首页> 外文会议>7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis 2004(ESDA 2004) vol.3: Design Engineering; Maintenance Engineering; Manufacturing Engineering; ... >PRACTICAL DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF REAL LIFE TRUSS STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTED FROM BASIC MODULES USING THE GENETIC ALGORITHMS
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PRACTICAL DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF REAL LIFE TRUSS STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTED FROM BASIC MODULES USING THE GENETIC ALGORITHMS

机译：基于遗传算法的基本模块构成的实体桁架结构的实用设计优化

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摘要

Truss structures are widely employed in the industrialized world. They appear as bridges, towers, roof supports, building exoskeletons or high technology light space structures. This paper investigates the simultaneous size, geometry and topology optimization of real life large truss structures using Genetic Algorithms (GAs) as optimizer and Finite Element Method as analyzer. In general the large truss structures are constructed from the duplication of some basic modules called bays. Thus, the final optimum design may be reached by optimizing the characteristics of the basic bays instead of optimizing the whole structure. Both single and multi-objective functions based on the mass of the structure and the maximum nodal displacement, have been considered as the cost functions. In order to have realistic optimal designs, the cross-sectonal areas have been extracted from the standard profiles according to AISC codes and practical conditions are imposed to the bays. The design optimization problem is also constrained by the maximum stress, maximum slenderness ratio and the maximum and minimum cross-sectional area of the truss members. To accommodate all these constraints, two different penalty functions are proposed. The first penalty function considers the normalization of violated constraints with respect to the allowable stress or slenderness ratio. The second penalty function is a constant function, which is used to penalize the violations of the slenderness ratio. Two illustrative examples of realistic planar and space truss structures have been optimized to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
机译：桁架结构在工业化世界中被广泛使用。它们表现为桥梁，塔楼，屋顶支撑，建筑物外骨骼或高科技轻型空间结构。本文以遗传算法（GAs）为优化器，有限元法为分析器，研究了现实生活中大型桁架结构的同时尺寸，几何形状和拓扑优化。通常，大型桁架结构是由称为托架的一些基本模块的重复构造而成的。因此，可以通过优化基本间隔的特性而不是优化整个结构来达到最终的最佳设计。基于结构质量和最大节点位移的单目标和多目标函数均被视为成本函数。为了具有现实的最佳设计，已根据AISC规范从标准轮廓中提取出跨断面区域，并对海湾施加了实际条件。设计优化问题还受到桁架构件的最大应力，最大细长比以及最大和最小横截面积的限制。为了适应所有这些约束，提出了两种不同的惩罚函数。第一惩罚函数考虑了关于容许应力或细长比的违反约束的归一化。第二惩罚函数是常数函数，用于惩罚违反细长比的情况。优化了现实平面和空间桁架结构的两个说明性示例，以证明所提出方法的有效性。

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