首页> 外文会议>9th ACM/IEEE international conference on information processing in sensor networks 2010 >High-Resolution, Low-Power Time Synchronization an Oxymoron No More
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High-Resolution, Low-Power Time Synchronization an Oxymoron No More

机译:高分辨率,低功耗时间同步不再需要Oxymoron

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We present Virtual High-resolution Time (VHT), a power-proportional time-keeping service that offers a baseline power draw of a low-speed clock (e.g. 32 kHz crystal), but provides the time resolution that only a higher frequency clock could offer (e.g. 8 MHz crystal), and scales essentially linearly with access (i.e. the "reading" and "writing" of the clock). We achieve this performance by revisiting a basic assumption in the design of time-keeping systems - that to achieve a given time-stamping resolution, a free-running timebase of equivalent frequency is needed. We show that this assumption is false and argue that the dependence is not on usage (i.e. whether on or off) but rather on access (i.e. reading and writing). Therefore, it is possible to duty cycle the free-running timebase itself, and augment it with a lower-frequency, temperature-compensated one, which achieves comparable resolution, at a fraction of the power, for typical workloads. The key technical challenge lies in duty cycling the fast clock and synchronizing the fast and slow clocks. To assess the viability of the approach, we explore how VHT could be implemented on several different platform architectures, and to study the power/performance tradeoff, we characterize VHT on one particular architecture in detail. Our results show power-proportional operation with a 10×x improvement in average power and a synchronization accuracy exceeding 1 μs at duty cycles below 0.1%.
机译:我们介绍了虚拟高分辨率时间(VHT),这是一种与功率成比例的计时服务,可提供低速时钟(例如32 kHz晶体)的基准功耗,但提供的时间分辨率只有较高频率的时钟可以提供(例如8 MHz晶振),并且基本上随访问而线性缩放(即时钟的“读取”和“写入”)。我们通过回顾计时系统设计中的一个基本假设来实现这一性能-要获得给定的时间戳分辨率,需要一个自由运行的等效频率的时基。我们证明了这种假设是错误的,并辩称这种依赖关系不取决于使用情况(即打开或关闭),而是取决于访问(即读取和写入)。因此,可以对自由运行的时基本身进行占空比处理,并使用低频,温度补偿的时基来对其进行扩展,从而以典型的工作量的一小部分功率实现了相当的分辨率。关键的技术挑战在于快速时钟的工作循环以及快速时钟和慢速时钟的同步。为了评估该方法的可行性,我们探索了如何在几种不同的平台架构上实施VHT,并且为了研究功率/性能的权衡,我们详细描述了一种特定架构上的VHT。我们的结果表明,在小于0.1%的占空比下,功率平均运行可将平均功率提高10倍,同步精度超过1μs。

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