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ACHIEVING THE PROPER BALANCE BETWEEN CREW PUBLIC SAFETY

机译：在机组和公共安全之间达成适当的平衡

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摘要

A paramount objective of all human-rated launch and reentryrnvehicle developers is to ensure that the risks to both the crewrnonboard and the public are minimized within reasonable cost,rnschedule, and technical constraints. Past experience has shownrnthat proper attention to range safety requirements necessary tornensure public safety must be given early in the design phase tornavoid additional operational complexities or threats to thernsafety of people onboard, and the design engineers must givernthese requirements the same consideration as crew safetyrnrequirements. For human spaceflight, the primary purpose andrnoperational concept for any flight safety system is to protectrnthe public while maximizing the likelihood of crew survival.rnThis paper will outline the policy considerations, technicalrnissues, and operational impacts regarding launch and reentryrnvehicle failure scenarios where crew and public safety arernintertwined and thus addressed optimally in an integratedrnmanner. An overview of existing range and crew safety policyrnrequirements will be presented. Application of thesernrequirements and lessons learned from both the Space Shuttlernand Constellation Programs will also be discussed. Usingrnthese past programs as examples, the paper will detailrnoperational, design, and analysis approaches to mitigate andrnbalance the risks to people onboard and in the public. Crewedrnvehicle perspectives from the Federal Aviation Administrationrnand Air Force organizations that oversee public safety will bernsummarized as well. Finally, the paper will emphasize thernneed to factor policy, operational, and analysis considerationsrninto the early design trades of new vehicles to help ensure thatrnboth crew and public safety are maximized to the greatestrnextent possible.
机译：所有以人为本的发射和再入飞行器开发人员的首要目标是确保在合理的成本，时间表和技术约束范围内，最大程度地降低对乘员组和公众的风险。过去的经验表明，必须在设计阶段的早期就适当注意确保公共安全所必需的范围安全要求，以避免额外的操作复杂性或对船上人员安全的威胁，并且设计工程师必须将这些要求与机组安全要求同等考虑。对于人类航天而言，任何飞行安全系统的主要目的和操作概念是在最大程度上保护机组人员生存的同时保护公众。本文将概述有关机组和公共安全的发射和再入车辆故障场景的政策考虑因素，技术问题以及操作影响。交织在一起，因此以集成的方式进行优化处理。将概述现有的范围和机组人员安全政策要求。还将讨论从航天飞机和星座计划中获得的经验要求和经验教训。本文将以这些过去的程序为例，详细介绍用于减轻和平衡船上和公众面临的风险的操作，设计和分析方法。来自联邦航空管理局和空军组织的监督公共安全的乘用车观点也将被汇总。最后，本文将强调在新车的早期设计交易中必须考虑政策，运营和分析方面的考虑因素，以帮助确保最大程度地扩大乘员和公共安全。

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  • 会议地点 Versailles(FR)
  • 作者

    Paul Wilde; John Gowan; Ray Silvestri; Benjamin Stahl; Paul Rosati;

  • 作者单位

    Federal Aviation Administration, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, 77058 USA Email: paul.d.wilde@nasa.gov;

    National Aeronautics Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, 77058 USA Email: john.w.gowan@nasa.gov;

    National Aeronautics Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, 77058 USA Email: raymond.t.silvestri@nasa.gov;

    National Aeronautics Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, 77058 USA Email: benjamin.a.stahl@nasa.gov;

    Air Force 45th Space Wing, Patrick Air Force Base, FL 32925 USA Email: paul.rosat i@patrick.af.mil;

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