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Reducing Infections Using Nanotechnology

机译：使用纳米技术减少感染

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Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is a serious and costly clinical problem. Specifically, receiving mechanical ventilation for over 24 hours increases the risk of VAP and is associated with high morbidity, mortality and medical costs. Cost effective endotracheal tubes (ETTs) that are resistant to bacterial infection could help prevent this problem. The objective of this study was to determine differences in the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) on nanomodified and unmodified polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ETTs under dynamic airway conditions. PVC ETTs were modified to have nanometer surface features by soaking them in Rhizopus arrhisus, a fungal lipase. Twenty-four hour experiments (supported by computational models) showed that air flow conditions within the ETT influenced both the location and concentration of bacterial growth on the ETTs especially within areas of tube curvature. More importantly, experiments revealed a 1.5 log reduction in the total number of S. aureus on the novel nanomodified ETTs compared to the conventional ETTs after 24 hours of air flow. This dynamic study showed that lipase etching can create nano-rough surface features on PVC ETTs that suppress S. aureus growth and, thus, may provide clinicians with an effective and inexpensive tool to combat VAP.
机译：呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）是一个严重且昂贵的临床问题。具体而言，接受机械通气超过24小时会增加VAP的风险，并伴有较高的发病率，死亡率和医疗费用。具有成本效益的对细菌感染有抵抗力的气管插管（ETTs）可以帮助预防此问题。这项研究的目的是确定在动态呼吸道条件下，金黄色葡萄球菌（金黄色葡萄球菌）在纳米改性和未改性聚氯乙烯（PVC）ETTs上的生长差异。通过将PVC ETT浸泡在真菌脂肪酶Arrhisus Arrhisus中，可以使其具有纳米表面特征。 24小时的实验（由计算模型支持）表明，ETT中的空气流动状况影响了ETT上细菌生长的位置和浓度，特别是在管曲率区域内。更重要的是，实验表明，经过24小时的空气流通后，新型纳米改性ETT上的金黄色葡萄球菌总数比常规ETT减少了1.5 log。这项动态研究表明，脂肪酶蚀刻可以在PVC ETTs上产生纳米粗糙的表面特征，从而抑制金黄色葡萄球菌的生长，因此可以为临床医生提供有效且廉价的工具来对抗VAP。

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