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Identification of Flights for Cost-Efficient Climate Impact Reduction

机译：确定降低成本效益的气候影响的航班

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The aircraft-induced climate impact has drawn attention in recent years. Aviation operations affect the environment mainly through the release of carbon-dioxide, nitrogen-oxides, and by the formation of contrails. Recent research has shown that altering trajectories can reduce aviation environmental cost by reducing Absolute Global Temperature Change Potential, a climate assessment metric that adapts a linear system for modeling the global temperature response to aviation emissions and contrails. However, these methods will increase fuel consumption that leads to higher fuel costs imposed on airlines. The goal of this work is to identify flights for which the environmental cost of climate impact reduction outweighs the increase in operational cost on an individual aircraft basis. Environmental cost is quantified using the monetary social cost of carbon. The increase in operational cost is considering cost of additional fuel usage only. For this paper, an algorithm has been developed that modifies the trajectories of flights to evaluate the effect of environmental cost and operational cost of flights in the United States National Airspace System. The algorithm identifies flights for which the environmental cost of climate impact can be reduced and modifies their trajectories to achieve maximum environmental net benefit, which is the difference between reduction in environmental cost and additional operational cost. The result shows on a selected day, 16% of the flights among eight major airlines, or 2,043 flights, can achieve environmental net benefit using weather forecast data, resulting in net benefit of around $500,000. The result also suggests that the long-haul flights would be better candidates for cost-efficient climate impact reduction than the short haul flights. The algorithm will help to identify the characteristics of flights that are capable of applying cost-efficient climate impact reduction strategy.
机译：飞机引起的气候影响近年来引起了人们的注意。航空运营主要通过释放二氧化碳，氮氧化物以及形成凝结尾迹来影响环境。最近的研究表明，改变航迹可以通过降低绝对全球温度变化潜能来降低航空环境成本，这是一种气候评估指标，它采用线性系统来模拟全球温度对航空排放和凝结尾迹的响应。但是，这些方法会增加燃油消耗，从而导致航空公司增加燃油成本。这项工作的目的是确定在个别飞机的基础上减少气候影响的环境成本超过运营成本增加的航班。使用碳的货币社会成本来量化环境成本。运营成本的增加仅考虑额外燃料使用的成本。对于本文，已经开发了一种算法，该算法可以修改飞行轨迹，以评估环境成本和美国国家空域系统中飞行的运营成本的影响。该算法确定可以减少气候影响的环境成本的航班，并修改其轨迹以实现最大的环境净收益，这是环境成本减少与额外运营成本之间的差额。结果显示，在选定的一天中，八家主要航空公司中的16％的航班（即2,043个航班）可以使用天气预报数据实现环境净收益，从而带来约500,000美元的净收益。该结果还表明，与短途航班相比，长途航班将是降低成本效益的气候影响的更好候选者。该算法将有助于识别能够应用具有成本效益的气候影响减少策略的航班特征。

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