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首页> 外文会议>Asia's Largest Power Generation Conference and Exhibition Vol.2, Sep 22-24, 1999, Singapore >ASSESSMENT AND REHABILITATION OF POWER PLANTS
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ASSESSMENT AND REHABILITATION OF POWER PLANTS

机译：电厂的评估和修复

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The current situation regarding the assessment, testing and inspection of power plants frequently results in the formulation of the following question: How long can power plants be operated safely and cost-effectively while satisfying increased requirements pertaining to operational availability and reduced pollutant emissions after having served their originally intended service life? This question is of growing importance when the fact is considered that the percentage of plants currently in operation that are more than 30 years old is rising. In order to answer this question the operational capability of the existing plant must first be investigated by taking the appropriate measures. The question posed during an initial approach therefore is what kind of damage, malfunctions, material failures, etc. occurred during previous cycles of plant operation and how frequently did the said undesired events occur? Basically, this analysis provides the strategic point of departure required for all further actions. In principle, it is must be determined whether plant modernization measures can offer an economically sound alternative to the construction of a new plant. Actually, this objective can hardly be achieved, since it requires combining and harmonizing the expenses involved, technological requirements and implementation thereof, availability criteria, feasibility of the individual measures and requests. In this respect, it is important that many institutions (companies, operators, TUEV (German Technical Testing and Inspection Company, authorities, credit institutions, etc.) work together to find the appropriate solutions to these problems, in the light of this, compromise solutions cannot be avoided during the realization of such projects. Particularly since these power plants are operated for long periods of time and in view of the fact that the currently existing oil and gas stations are constantly growing older. These facts must first be accepted. The next step will then be to clarify whether a plant with certain existing deficiencies can still be operated safely by simply decreasing the operating load to a reasonable level combined with a change in the operating parameters, Figure 1. Even when the intended service life of power plants is observed, early and appropriate attention should be paid to the limited service life of components and parts. It should then be possible to initiate the correct measures which -involving moderate work and expenses - may result in a considerably longer service life without always requiring the replacement of components or rehabilitation measures (e.g. reducing the temperature at the outlet end of a superheater by 2 - 5℃ could be sufficient). In this context, one must however be aware of the fact that components which are subjected to high stress may not show any substantial damage. The documentation made on the occasion of previous tests and inspections should be able to prove such a condition. Consideration of rehabilitation and replacement strategies will then form the next step. The "less is more" principle is worth remembering in this context too! On this background TUEV Sueddeutschland strives to be more than just a supplier of the results obtained from individual tests. Based on the institute's specific knowhow we rather are partners able to offer the necessary interpretation of the results together with proposals for further proceeding.
机译：当前有关发电厂评估，测试和检查的情况经常导致以下问题的提出：发电厂能够安全，经济地运行多长时间，同时又能满足服务后增加的有关可用性和减少污染物排放的要求他们最初打算的使用寿命？当考虑到正在运行的超过30年的工厂所占的百分比正在上升的事实时，这个问题变得越来越重要。为了回答这个问题，必须首先通过采取适当措施来调查现有工厂的运营能力。因此，在初始方法期间提出的问题是，在工厂之前的运行周期中发生了哪种损坏，故障，材料故障等，这些不良事件多久发生一次？基本上，此分析提供了所有进一步操作所需的战略出发点。原则上，必须确定工厂现代化措施是否可以为建造新工厂提供经济上合理的选择。实际上，这个目标很难实现，因为它需要结合并协调所涉及的费用，技术要求及其实施，可用性标准，个别措施和要求的可行性。在这方面，重要的是许多机构（公司，运营商，TUEV（德国技术测试和检验公司，主管部门，信贷机构等））共同努力，以针对这些问题找到适当的解决方案。在这些项目的实现过程中，不可避免地要有解决方案，特别是由于这些电厂要长期运行，并且考虑到当前现有的石油和加油站正在不断老化的事实，因此必须首先接受这些事实。然后，下一步就是通过简单地将运行负荷降低到合理水平并结合运行参数的变化，来阐明存在某些现有缺陷的工厂是否仍然可以安全运行，如图1所示。观察到，应及早适当注意零部件的使用寿命，然后才有可能启动采取适当的措施-涉及适度的工作和费用-可能会导致更长的使用寿命，而无需始终要求更换组件或采取修复措施（例如将过热器出口端的温度降低2-5℃就足够了）。然而，在这种情况下，必须意识到以下事实：承受高应力的组件可能不会表现出任何实质性的损坏。在先前的测试和检查之际制作的文档应该能够证明这种情况。然后考虑康复和替代策略。在这种情况下，“少即是多”的原则也值得记住！在此背景下，TUEV Sueddeutschland努力成为不仅仅是单个测试结果的供应商。根据研究所的专门知识，我们更愿意成为合作伙伴，对结果进行必要的解释，并提出进一步程序的建议。

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