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首页> 外文会议>ASME(American Society of Mechanical Engineers) International Mechanical Engineering Congress: Advanced Energy Systems Division; 20031115-20031121; Washington,DC; US >LIMITS OF PERFORMANCE FOR ALTERNATE FUEL ENERGY TO MECHANICAL WORK CONVERSION SYSTEMS
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LIMITS OF PERFORMANCE FOR ALTERNATE FUEL ENERGY TO MECHANICAL WORK CONVERSION SYSTEMS

机译：机械工作转换系统的替代燃料能量的性能限制

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摘要

The major alternatives for producing work from the chemical energy of fuels include combustion systems and fuel cells. Combustion systems are subject to several performance limiting constraints. Key amongst these is the fact that combustion is an uncontrolled chemical reaction and is typically highly irreversible. The requirement to operate below the metallurgical limit adds to the irreversibility or exergy consumption in practical combustion systems. Furthermore, the use of heat exchangers, which must have finite temperature differences between fluid streams, compounds the exergy consumption. The fuel cell conversion system is a major alternative to combustion systems. It operates as a direct conversion device and is often cited as having a potential for 100% second-law efficiency. Realistically, however, the chemical reactions involved are not reversible. More importantly, the available fuel resources must be reformed to make the chemical energy of the fuel convertible to work; such processes require significant exergy input that must be factored into the determination of the overall exergy conversion efficiency attainable. This paper gives a first- and second-law analysis of the alternate systems for conversion of fuel exergy to mechanical work thus providing a more realistic comparison of the potential of both systems.
机译：利用燃料的化学能产生功的主要替代方法包括燃烧系统和燃料电池。燃烧系统受到几个性能限制的约束。其中最关键的是，燃烧是不受控制的化学反应，通常是高度不可逆的。在冶金极限以下运行的要求增加了实际燃烧系统中的不可逆性或火力消耗。此外，必须在流体流之间具有有限的温度差的热交换器的使用增加了本能消耗。燃料电池转换系统是燃烧系统的主要替代方案。它作为直接转换设备运行，经常被引用为具有100％的第二律效率的潜力。但是实际上，涉及的化学反应是不可逆的。更重要的是，必须对可利用的燃料资源进行改革，以使燃料的化学能转化为能效；此类过程需要大量的火用输入，必须将这些因素纳入确定可达到的总火用转化效率的因素。本文给出了将火用燃料转换为机械功的备用系统的第一定律和第二定律分析，从而对这两个系统的潜力进行了更为现实的比较。

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