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首页> 外文会议>ASME(American Society of Mechanical Engineers) Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference vol.2: Computer Technology; 20050717-21; Denver,CO(US) >ANALYTICAL RESEARCH ON MECHANISM OF BOLT LOOSENING DUE TO LATERAL LOADS
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ANALYTICAL RESEARCH ON MECHANISM OF BOLT LOOSENING DUE TO LATERAL LOADS

机译：侧向荷载作用下螺栓松动机理的分析研究

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摘要

It is well known that bolted joints are loosened when lateral loads are applied after they are tightened. This phenomenon is proved by experiments or by the real operations, but the mechanism is not yet elucidated why the bolts are loosened. In this paper several finite element analyses were performed and reproduced the phenomenon that the bolts are loosened, or the nut rotates, when the lateral loads are applied. Based on this result, the mechanism of the bolt loosening (the nut rotation) is investigated. Additionally, it is also examined that bolts are more difficult to be loosened when double nut procedure is used or that they are almost not loosened when the eccentric boltut systems are used. As the result, the bolt loosening is caused by the shape of the thread that is the wedge inclined to the bolt axis. When lateral loads are applied, the boltut threads slide relatively, which causes the relative nut rotation. When the loads are released, the bolt returns to the normal position keeping the relative slide to the nut. This nut rotation causes a reduction of the bolt tension, too. Although the magnitude of this rotation may be quite small, many times of repetition makes the bolt loosened.
机译：众所周知，螺栓连接在拧紧后施加横向载荷时会松动。这种现象已通过实验或实际操作得到了证明，但尚未阐明为什么松开螺栓的机理。在本文中，进行了几次有限元分析，并重现了当施加侧向载荷时螺栓松动或螺母旋转的现象。基于此结果，研究了螺栓松动（螺母旋转）的机理。另外，还检查了在使用双螺母方法时，螺栓更难以松开，或者在使用偏心螺栓/螺母系统时，螺栓几乎不松动。结果，螺栓的松动是由螺纹的形状引起的，该螺纹的形状是相对于螺栓轴线倾斜的楔形。当施加侧向载荷时，螺栓/螺母螺纹会相对滑动，这会导致螺母相对旋转。释放负载后，螺栓将返回到正常位置，并保持螺母相对滑动。螺母的旋转也导致螺栓张力的减小。尽管这种旋转的幅度可能很小，但多次重复会使螺栓松动。

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