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首页> 外文会议>ASME(American Society of Mechanical Engineers) Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference 2006 vol.5: High-Pressure Technology... >THE CAPABILITIES AND LIMITATIONS OF REMOTE VISUAL METHODS TO DETECT SERVICE-INDUCED CRACKS IN REACTOR COMPONENTS
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THE CAPABILITIES AND LIMITATIONS OF REMOTE VISUAL METHODS TO DETECT SERVICE-INDUCED CRACKS IN REACTOR COMPONENTS

机译：检测组件中服务诱发的裂纹的远程视觉方法的能力和局限性

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摘要

Since 1977, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research has funded a multiyear program at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques employed for inservice inspection (ISI). Recently, the U.S. nuclear industry proposed replacing current volumetric and/or surface examinations of certain components in commercial nuclear power plants, as required by the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section XI, with a simpler visual testing (VT) method. The advantages of VT are that these tests generally involve much less radiation exposure and examination times than do volumetric examinations such as ultrasonic testing (UT). However, for industry to justify supplanting volumetric methods with VT, an analysis of pertinent issues is needed to support the reliability of VT in determining the structural integrity of reactor components.As piping and pressure vessel components in a nuclear power station are generally underwater and in high radiation fields, they need to be examined by VT from a distance with radiation-hardened video systems. Remote visual testing has been used by nuclear utilities to find cracks in pressure vessel cladding in pressurized water reactors, core shrouds in boiling water reactors, and to investigate leaks in piping and reactor components. These visual tests are performed using a wide variety of procedures and equipment. The techniques for remote visual testing use submersible closed-circuit video cameras to examine reactor components and welds.PNNL has conducted a parametric study that examines the important variables that affect the effectiveness of a remote visual test. Tested variables include lighting techniques, camera resolution, camera movement, and magnification. PNNL has also conducted a laboratory test using a commercial visual testing camera system to experimentally determine the ability of the camera system to detect cracks of various widths under ideal conditions.
机译：自1977年以来，美国核监管委员会（NRC）核监管研究办公室资助了太平洋西北国家实验室（PNNL）的一项多年计划，以评估用于在役检查（ISI）的无损评估（NDE）技术的可靠性和准确性。 ）。最近，美国核工业提出用更简单的视觉测试（VT）方法来代替ASME锅炉和压力容器规范第XI节所要求的，对商业核电厂中某些组件的当前体积和/或表面检查。 VT的优势在于，与体积检查（如超声检查（UT））相比，这些检查通常涉及更少的辐射暴露和检查时间。但是，为了使工业证明使用VT替代体积法是合理的，需要对相关问题进行分析以支持VT在确定反应堆组件的结构完整性方面的可靠性。由于核电站的管道和压力容器组件通常在水下和水下高辐射场，需要使用经过辐射增强的视频系统进行远距离VT检查。核动力公司已使用远程视觉测试来发现压水堆中压力容器包壳的裂纹，沸水反应堆中的核心护罩，并调查管道和反应堆组件中的泄漏。这些视觉测试是使用各种各样的程序和设备执行的。远程视觉测试技术使用潜水闭路摄像机检查反应堆部件和焊缝。PNNL进行了参数研究，研究了影响远程视觉测试有效性的重要变量。测试的变量包括照明技术，相机分辨率，相机移动和放大倍数。 PNNL还使用商用视觉测试相机系统进行了实验室测试，以实验确定相机系统在理想条件下检测各种宽度裂缝的能力。

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