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Insect detection and nitrogen management for irrigated potatoes using remote sensing from small unmanned aircraft systems

机译：利用小型无人机系统的遥感对灌溉马铃薯进行昆虫检测和氮素管理

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Remote sensing with small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) has potential applications in agriculture because low flight altitudes allow image acquisition at very high spatial resolution. We set up experiments at the Oregon State University Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center with different platforms and sensors to assess advantages and disadvantages of sUAS for precision farming. In 2013, we conducted an experiment with 4 levels of N fertilizer, and followed the changes in the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) over time. In late June, there were no differences in chlorophyll content or leaf area index (LAI) among the 3 higher application rates. Consistent with the field data, only plots with the lowest rate of applied N were distinguished by low NDVI. In early August, N deficiency was determined by NDVI, but it was too late to mitigate losses in potato yield and quality. Populations of the Colorado potato beetle (CPB) may rapidly increase, devouring the shoots, thus early detection and treatment could prevent yield losses. In 2014, we conducted an experiment with 4 levels of CPB infestation. Over one day, damage from CPB in some plots increased from 0 to 19%. A visual ranking of damage was not correlated with the total number of CPB or treatment. Plot-scale vegetation indices were not correlated with damage, although the damaged area determined by object-based feature extraction was highly correlated. Methods based on object-based image analysis of sUAS data have potential for early detection and reduced cost.
机译：小型无人机系统（sUAS）的遥感技术在农业中具有潜在的应用，因为低飞行高度允许以非常高的空间分辨率采集图像。我们在俄勒冈州立大学赫米斯顿农业研究与推广中心设置了具有不同平台和传感器的实验，以评估sUAS在精确农业中的优缺点。 2013年，我们进行了4种氮肥水平的试验，并跟踪了标准化植被指数（NDVI）随时间的变化。在6月下旬，在3种较高的施用量中，叶绿素含量或叶面积指数（LAI）没有差异。与现场数据一致，只有低NDVI才能区分出施氮量最低的地块。 8月初，NDVI确定了氮缺乏，但为时已晚，无法减轻马铃薯产量和品质的损失。科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫（CPB）的种群可能会迅速增加，吞噬新芽，因此尽早发现和治疗可防止产量损失。 2014年，我们进行了4种级别的CPB感染实验。在一天的时间里，某些地块上CPB造成的伤害从0％增加到19％。视觉损伤等级与CPB或治疗的总数无关。尽管通过基于对象的特征提取确定的受损区域高度相关，但样地尺度的植被指数与损害无关。基于sUAS数据的基于对象的图像分析的方法具有早期检测和降低成本的潜力。

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