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Electric fishes as natural models for technical sensor systems

机译：电鱼是技术传感器系统的自然模型

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Instead of vision, many animals use alternative senses for object detection. Weakly electric fish employ "active electrolocation", during which they discharge an electric organ emitting electrical current pulses (electric organ discharges, EOD). Local EODs are sensed by electroreceptors in the fish's skin, which respond to changes of the signal caused by nearby objects. Fish can gain information about attributes of an object, such as size, shape, distance, and complex impedance.rnWhen close to the fish, each object projects an 'electric image' onto the fish's skin. In order to get information about an object, the fish has to analyze the object's electric image by sampling its voltage distribution with the electroreceptors.rnWe now know a great deal about the mechanisms the fish use to gain information about objects in their environment. Inspired by the remarkable capabilities of weakly electric fish in detecting and recognizing objects with their electric sense, we are designing technical sensor systems that can solve similar sensing problems. We applied the principles of active electrolocation to devices that produce electrical current pulses in water and simultaneously sense local current densities. Depending on the specific task, sensors can be designed which detect an object, localize it in space, determine its distance, and measure certain object properties such as material properties, thickness, or material faults. We present first experiments and FEM simulations on the optimal sensor arrangement regarding the sensor requirements e. g. localization of objects or distance measurements. Different methods of the sensor read-out and signal processing are compared.
机译：许多动物没有视力，而是将替代感官用于物体检测。弱电鱼采用“主动电定位”，在此过程中，电鱼会释放出发射电流脉冲的电器官（电器官放电，EOD）。鱼皮中的电感受器会感应到局部EOD，这些感受器会响应附近物体引起的信号变化。鱼可以获取有关对象属性的信息，例如大小，形状，距离和复数阻抗。rn当靠近鱼时，每个对象都会在鱼的皮肤上投射一个“电子图像”。为了获得有关物体的信息，鱼必须通过使用电感受器对物体的电压分布进行采样来分析物体的电图像。现在，我们对鱼类用于获取其周围环境中物体信息的机制有了很多了解。受弱电鱼凭借其电感检测和识别物体的非凡功能的启发，我们正在设计可解决类似感测问题的技术传感器系统。我们将主动电定位原理应用于在水中产生电流脉冲并同时感应局部电流密度的设备。根据特定任务，可以设计传感器来检测物体，将其定位在空间中，确定其距离并测量某些物体属性，例如材料属性，厚度或材料缺陷。我们提出了关于传感器要求e的最佳传感器布置的第一个实验和有限元模拟。 G。物体的定位或距离测量。比较了传感器读出和信号处理的不同方法。

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