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Electric fishes as natural models for technical sensor systems

机译：电动鱼作为技术传感器系统的自然模型

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Instead of vision, many animals use alternative senses for object detection. Weakly electric fish employ "active electrolocation", during which they discharge an electric organ emitting electrical current pulses (electric organ discharges, EOD). Local EODs are sensed by electroreceptors in the fish's skin, which respond to changes of the signal caused by nearby objects. Fish can gain information about attributes of an object, such as size, shape, distance, and complex impedance. When close to the fish, each object projects an 'electric image' onto the fish's skin. In order to get information about an object, the fish has to analyze the object's electric image by sampling its voltage distribution with the electroreceptors. We now know a great deal about the mechanisms the fish use to gain information about objects in their environment. Inspired by the remarkable capabilities of weakly electric fish in detecting and recognizing objects with their electric sense, we are designing technical sensor systems that can solve similar sensing problems. We applied the principles of active electrolocation to devices that produce electrical current pulses in water and simultaneously sense local current densities. Depending on the specific task, sensors can be designed which detect an object, localize it in space, determine its distance, and measure certain object properties such as material properties, thickness, or material faults. We present first experiments and FEM simulations on the optimal sensor arrangement regarding the sensor requirements e. g. localization of objects or distance measurements. Different methods of the sensor read-out and signal processing are compared.
机译：许多动物使用替代感官来对象检测而不是视觉。弱电鱼采用“主动电控”，在此期间排出发射电气器官发射电流脉冲（电器官排放，EOD）。鱼皮中的电动感官感测到本地EOD，这响应了附近物体引起的信号的变化。鱼可以获取有关物体属性的信息，例如尺寸，形状，距离和复杂阻抗。当靠近鱼时，每个物体将一个“电动图像”投影到鱼的皮肤上。为了获取有关物体的信息，鱼类必须通过用电动器采样其电压分布来分析物体的电视。我们现在了解鱼类用来获取环境中对象信息的机制。灵感灵感来自弱电器的显着功能在用电感检测和识别物体时，我们正在设计能够解决类似的感测问题的技术传感器系统。我们将活性电解的原理应用于在水中产生电流脉冲的装置，同时感测局部电流密度。根据具体任务，可以设计检测对象的传感器，将其本地化在空间中，确定其距离，并测量某些对象属性，如材料属性，厚度或材料故障。我们对关于传感器要求E的最佳传感器装置提供了第一实验和有限元模拟。 G。物体的定位或距离测量。比较了传感器读出和信号处理的不同方法。

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