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首页> 外文会议>Canadian Dam Association 3rd Annual Conference, Sep, 2000, Regina, Saskatchewan >A Numerical Model for Predicting Shore Erosion Impacts Around Lakes and Reservoirs
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A Numerical Model for Predicting Shore Erosion Impacts Around Lakes and Reservoirs

机译：预测湖泊和水库周围岸蚀影响的数值模型

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摘要

In recent years, lake and reservoir shore erosion and associated bank slumping and reservoir sedimentation have come under increasing scrutiny owing to their environmental, engineering and reservoir management impacts. Changes that affect aquatic and shore land ecosystems, loss of natural resources, bank stability and planning of dams and commercial and recreational developments around reservoirs have long-term implications. These implications create the need for better understanding of shore erosion processes, and a methodology that quantitatively predicts shoreline and bluff recession. A numerical model has been developed for predicting and assessing future shore erosion impacts around lakes and reservoirs. The processed-based approach has proven to be a valuable tool in predicting shore zone profile change, bank recession rates and eroded sediment volumes in comprehensive shore assessment studies. Model development has evolved over a 35 year period involving more than 30 studies in Saskatchewan, Alberta, and northern Manitoba. Applications include development of GIS-linked shore erosion software. Bluff recession rates predicted by the model agree reasonably well with erosion rates measured from airphotos and field surveys. Typical bluff recession rates around prairie reservoirs range between 0.25 m/yr and 1 m/yr, although rates up to 2 to 3 m/yr occur along steeper shores exposed to high wave energies. Rates of 5 to 6 m/yr may occur on promontories during the first several years after reservoir impoundment. Long-term erosion rates measured on northern Manitoba reservoirs average about 0.5 to 0.7 m/yr.
机译：近年来，由于其对环境，工程和水库管理的影响，对湖泊和水库岸边的侵蚀以及相关的河岸塌陷和水库沉积物受到了越来越多的审查。影响水生和沿海土地生态系统的变化，自然资源的丧失，河岸稳定和水坝规划以及水库周围的商业和休闲发展都具有长期影响。这些含义导致需要更好地了解海岸侵蚀过程，以及定量预测海岸线和断崖衰退的方法。已经开发了用于预测和评估未来湖泊和水库周围海岸侵蚀影响的数值模型。在全面的海岸评估研究中，基于处理的方法已被证明是预测海岸带剖面变化，河岸衰退率和侵蚀沉积物量的有价值的工具。模型开发已经发展了35年，涉及萨斯喀彻温省，艾伯塔省和曼尼托巴省北部的30多项研究。应用程序包括开发与GIS相关的海岸侵蚀软件。该模型预测的虚张声势衰退率与通过航空照片和实地调查测得的侵蚀率相当吻合。草原水库周围典型的虚张声势衰退率在0.25 m / yr至1 m / yr的范围内，尽管在暴露于高波能量的陡峭海岸上会发生高达2-3 m / yr的速率。在水库蓄水后的最初几年中，海角可能会发生5至6 m / yr的速度。在马尼托巴北部水库测得的长期侵蚀速率平均约为每年0.5至0.7 m。

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