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首页> 外文会议>Conference on Stormwater and Urban Water Systems Modeling; Feb 22-23, 2001; Toronto >Modification of Detention Basin Outlet Structures using Calibrated SWMM Models
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Modification of Detention Basin Outlet Structures using Calibrated SWMM Models

机译：使用校准的SWMM模型修改滞留池出口结构

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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model, SWMM, is a large, relatively complex software package capable of simulating the effects of runoff from sub-catchments through pipe/channel networks and storage facilities, and finally to receiving waters. This chapter describes a study where detailed SWMM models were developed as an integral part of a study of the outlet structure and associated modifications. Different outlet structure configurations were compared, thereby resulting in an optimal configuration of the structure. The need was based on changes in the Metropolitan St. Louis Sewer District's (MSD) detention basin design requirements (Akan, 1989). It was previously required that the outlet structure controls the outflow of the 15-year storm to the same level as the pre-development discharge rate. It is now required that the outlet structure control the outflow of both the 2-year and 100-year outflows to the pre-development discharge rate or to the required basin-wide release rate determined by MSD (McEnroe, 1992). Another factor motivating modification of outlet structures is the observation by a number of interested individuals and communities of "little or no storage" of storm water occurring in these basins during storm events with subsequent downstream flooding. Detailed SWMM modeling of eight different basins in the St. Louis, Missouri, metropolitan area showed "little or no" reduction of the 2-year storm outflow, but significant reduction of the post-development 100-year storm outflow. Thus, the objective reached by modifying the existing outlet structures is to reduce the 2-year storm outflow to the pre-development or the required basin wide release rate determined by MSD. Also, if possible, the present 100-year storm outflow rate should be reduced to the pre-development or required release rate. If this is not possible, then the resulting maximum outflow attained by the structure modification should be reduced to the existing structure's maximum outflow, or reduced as much as possible with one foot of freeboard (Whipple, Randall, 1983). Given these objectives and the detailed SWMM models, optimal modifications of the existing outlet structures were designed for these basins (Walesh, 1989). The detailed SWMM models of six basins were calibrated with 5-minute incremental precipitation and basin depth of water and then used to compute the effects of the modifications. This chapter presents these calibrated models and shows the results of these modifications, including general recommendations for modifying all basins designed under the old detention basin criteria.
机译：美国环境保护署雨水管理模型（SWMM）是一个大型，相对复杂的软件包，能够模拟从子集水区通过管道/通道网络和存储设施，直至最终接收水的径流的影响。本章描述了一项研究，在该研究中，开发了详细的SWMMM模型，作为研究出口结构和相关修改的组成部分。比较了不同的出口结构构造，从而导致结构的最佳构造。需求的基础是大都市圣路易斯下水道区（MSD）的滞留盆地设计要求（Akan，1989）。以前要求出口结构将15年风暴的流出量控制在与开发前的排放量相同的水平。现在要求出口结构将2年和100年的流出量控制在开发前的排放速率或MSD确定的要求的全流域排放速率上（McEnroe，1992）。促使出口结构发生变化的另一个因素是，许多感兴趣的个人和社区观察到，在暴雨事件中，这些流域发生“很少或没有蓄积”的雨水，随后发生了下游洪水。在密苏里州圣路易斯市的八个不同盆地进行的详细SWMM建模显示，两年暴风雨的流出量几乎没有减少，而开发后100年暴风雨的量却明显减少了。因此，通过修改现有的出口结构达到的目标是减少2年的暴风雨到MSD确定的开发前阶段或所需的盆地范围释放率。此外，如果可能，应将当前的100年风暴流出率降低到开发前或所需的释放率。如果这不可能，那么通过结构修改获得的最大流出量应减少到现有结构的最大流出量，或者用一英尺的干舷尽可能减小（Whipple，Randall，1983）。考虑到这些目标和详细的SWMM模型，针对这些盆地设计了对现有出水口结构的最佳修改（Walesh，1989）。用5分钟的增量降水和水盆深度对六个盆地的详细SWMM模型进行了校准，然后用于计算修改的效果。本章介绍了这些校准的模型，并显示了这些修改的结果，包括修改所有根据旧滞留盆地标准设计​​的盆地的一般建议。

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