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Three-Dimensional Failure in Geomaterials:Experimentation and Modeling

机译：土工材料中的三维破坏：实验与建模

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Experimental evidence and analyses of result of three-dimensional tests show that the shape of the failure surface for geomaterials such as soils is influenced by the intermediate principal stress,shear banding and cross anisotropy.True triaxial tests on tall specimens indicated that shear banding played an important role in the shape of the 3D failure surface,and analysis of shear banding under 3D conditions showed that the isotropic failure criterion for homogeneous deformations played an important role in the prediction of shear banding.Shear banding occurs in the hardening regime of the stress-strain behavior in the midrange of b-values from about 0.18 to approximately 0.85.Thus,the 3D failure surface is not continuous and cannot be described by a single expression,but may be obtained by combining the continuous failure surface with results of predictions of shear banding.Experiments performed in all three sectors of the octahedral plane indicate that pluviated sand exhibits cross-anisotropy with lower strength in the horizontal directions than in the vertical direction.Experiments performed in torsion shear with various inclinations of the major principal stress relative to the bedding planes showed a smooth transition in strength from vertical to horizontal,but with a trough near the orientation where shear bands are parallel to the bedding planes.
机译：实验证据和三维测试结果的分析表明，土体等土工材料的破坏面形状受中间主应力，剪切带和交叉各向异性的影响。对高标本进行的真实三轴测试表明，剪切带起到了一定的作用。在3D破坏表面的形状中起着重要作用，并且在3D条件下的剪切带分析表明，均质变形的各向同性破坏准则在剪切带的预测中起着重要作用。剪切带发生在应力的硬化状态下， b值的中值范围从大约0.18到大约0.85时的应变行为。因此，3D破坏面不是连续的，无法用一个表达式来描述，而是可以通过将连续破坏面与剪切预测结果组合而获得在八面体平面的所有三个扇区中进行的实验表明，砂状砂岩表现出交叉在水平方向上比垂直方向上强度低的各向异性。在主剪切力相对于层理面的各种倾斜度的扭剪试验中，强度从垂直方向向水平方向平滑过渡，但在方向附近有一个槽剪切带平行于层理平面的位置。

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