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Grating-based tomography applications in biomedical engineering

机译：基于光栅的层析成像技术在生物医学工程中的应用

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For the investigation of soft tissues or tissues consisting of soft and hard tissues on the microscopic level, hard X-ray phase tomography has become one of the most suitable imaging techniques. Besides other phase contrast methods grating interferometry has the advantage of higher sensitivity than inline methods and the quantitative results. One disadvantage of the conventional double-grating setup (XDGI) compared to inline methods is the limitation of the spatial resolution. This limitation can be overcome by removing the analyser grating resulting in a single-grating setup (XSGI). In order to verify the performance of XSGI concerning contrast and spatial resolution, a quantitative comparison of XSGI and XDGI tomograms of a human nerve was performed. Both techniques provide sufficient contrast to allow for the distinction of tissue types. The spatial resolution of the two-fold binned XSGI data set is improved by a factor of two in comparison to XDGI which underlies its performance in tomography of soft tissues. Another application for grating-based X-ray phase tomography is the simultaneous visualization of soft and hard tissues of a plaque-containing coronary artery. The simultaneous visualization of both tissues is important for the segmentation of the lumen. The segmented data can be used for flow simulations in order to obtain information about the three-dimensional wall shear stress distribution needed for the optimization of mechano-sensitive nanocontainers used for drug delivery.
机译：为了在显微镜水平上研究软组织或由软组织和硬组织组成的组织，硬X射线相层析成像已成为最合适的成像技术之一。除其他相衬方法外，光栅干涉仪还具有比在线方法和定量结果更高的灵敏度的优点。与在线方法相比，常规双光栅设置（XDGI）的一个缺点是空间分辨率的限制。通过去除分析仪光栅以形成单光栅设置（XSGI），可以克服此限制。为了验证XSGI在对比度和空间分辨率方面的性能，对人神经的XSGI和XDGI断层图像进行了定量比较。两种技术都提供足够的对比度，以区分组织类型。与XDGI相比，两倍合并的XSGI数据集的空间分辨率提高了两倍，而XDGI则是其在软组织层析成像中的性能的基础。基于光栅的X射线断层扫描的另一个应用是同时可视化包含斑块的冠状动脉的软组织和硬组织。两种组织的同时可视化对于管腔的分割很重要。分割的数据可用于流动模拟，以获得有关优化用于药物输送的机械敏感纳米容器所需的三维壁切应力分布的信息。

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