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首页> 外文会议>Fourth Conference on Atmospheric Chemistry: Urban, Regional, and Global Scale Impacts of Air Pollutants, Jan 13-17, 2002, Orlando, Florida >A STUDY OF ISOPRENE EMISSIONS IN RELATION TO OZONE FORMATION IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES
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A STUDY OF ISOPRENE EMISSIONS IN RELATION TO OZONE FORMATION IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES

机译：美国东部与异戊二烯形成有关的异戊二烯排放研究

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Isoprene emissions were estimated with the biogenic emission model by using an algorithm based on the integration of leaf-level isoprene emission with respect to whole-canopy LAI. The unique feature of this algorithm is the use of satellite-observed reflectance to derive LAI, which results in considerable detail in spatial patterns over extended areas. To evaluate model results, a comparison was made to observations at Harvard Forest. The model-estimated emission rates matched observations reasonably well. Further studies were conducted by simulation of O_3 concentrations over the eastern United States for an OTAG case with two methods for estimating isoprene emissions: (1) application of BEIS2 and (2) application of the biogenic emission model with remote sensing data from satellites. MM5 was coupled with the biogenic emission model to generate emissions for 7 and 8 July 1995, days with significant O_3 episodes. The satellite-derived isoprene emissions tended to be higher than results based on standard application of BEIS2 in the southeastern part of the domain but slightly lower along the East Coast. To examine the effect of uncertainties in isoprene emissions on O_3 formation in this region, three cases were examined. Case 1 recreated the OTAG case with the combination of BEIS2 isoprene emission data and OTAG meteorological data generated by RAMS. Case 2 replaced BEIS2-derived isoprene emissions with satellite-data-derived emissions, with the intent of examining the effects of isoprene emissions on O_3 formation. Case 3 represented the current modeling approach of using the biogenic emission model together with MM5 simulations. The results for Case 2 showed that isoprene emissions affected O_3 concentration in the northeastern United States but had little impact in the southeastern United States except near large NO_x point sources. A comparison of Case 3 and Case 1 indicated that the pattern of O_3 concentration derived by using the current modeling approach of isoprene emission simulation and MM5-generated meteorological fields was very similar to the Case 1 OTAG standard results involving BEIS2 and RAMS meteorological data. The maximum value of O_3 concentration on 8 July 1995 was 115 ppb for Case 3 versus 116 ppb for Case 1. The meteorological fields, however, had strong effects on spatial patterns of O_3 concentrations. For example, the maximum value of O_3 concentration was as large as 176 ppb when the MM5 simulations were made without FDDA, versus 103 ppb for the OTAG case on 7 July.
机译：通过使用基于叶水平异戊二烯排放相对于全冠LAI的积分的算法，利用生物排放模型估算异戊二烯排放。该算法的独特之处在于利用卫星观测到的反射率来得出LAI，这会导致扩展区域内空间模式的大量细节。为了评估模型结果，对哈佛森林的观测结果进行了比较。模型估算的排放率与观测值相当吻合。通过使用两种估计异戊二烯排放的方法对OTAG案例在美国东部的O_3浓度进行模拟，进行了进一步的研究：（1）应用BEIS2和（2）应用具有来自卫星的遥感数据的生物排放模型。 MM5与生物排放模型相结合，以产生1995年7月7日至8日的排放，这几天发生了O_3事件。来自卫星的异戊二烯排放倾向于高于该领域东南部基于BEIS2标准应用的结果，但沿东海岸则略低。为了研究异戊二烯排放不确定性对该区域O_3形成的影响，研究了三例。案例1通过结合BEIS2异戊二烯排放数据和RAMS生成的OTAG气象数据重新创建了OTAG案例。案例2用卫星数据衍生的排放量代替了BEIS2衍生的异戊二烯排放量，目的是检查异戊二烯排放物对O_3形成的影响。案例3代表了将生物排放模型与MM5模拟一起使用的当前建模方法。案例2的结果表明，异戊二烯排放影响了美国东北部的O_3浓度，但对美国东南部的影响不大，除了附近有大量的NO_x点源。案例3和案例1的比较表明，使用当前的异戊二烯排放模拟和MM5生成的气象场建模方法得出的O_3浓度模式与涉及BEIS2和RAMS气象数据的案例1 OTAG标准结果非常相似。 1995年7月8日，情况3的O_3浓度最大值为115 ppb，而情况1为116 ppb。然而，气象场对O_3浓度的空间格局有很大影响。例如，当不使用FDDA进行MM5模拟时，O_3浓度的最大值高达176 ppb，而7月7日的OTAG情况为103 ppb。

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