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SHARING THE INFORMATION OF SHIPPING QUANTITY IN A TWO-TIER SUPPLY CHAIN

机译：在两层供应链中共享运输数量信息

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This paper evaluates the benefit of a strategy of sharing one type of shipment information, where one stage's every-period shipping quantity is shared with the immediate downstream members, in a supply chain. A quantitative model considering a two-stage linear supply chain has been developed for this purpose, following by a simulation approach. Our results indicate that in most circumstances this strategy, enabled by information technologies, helps supply chain members adapt and resolve shipment uncertainty well. The more uncertainty the shipping quantity, the more benefit the organization can gain from such information. In the situation of steady supplement to unfulfilled orders, i.e. when the backlog is complemented in time, such benefit is not notable. Therefore, if a supplier has a good enough order fulfillment track record, sharing such information may not be needed. Otherwise, faster collaboration and sharing information of shipping quantity among supply chain members via IT may help improve supply chain performance. Another finding in this paper is that such information sharing may always benefit the information receiver but may not do the same to the information sender, i.e. it elevates the cost-benefit trade-off to the downstream member that receives such information while the upstream, which shares such information, faces a trade-off to implement this strategy. This different treatment to strategic participants may cause barriers during implementation. It motivates the participants to negotiate a satisfied share of the information system construction fee. The study provides an approach to quantify the value of shared shipment information and to help supply-chain members evaluate their cost-benefit trade-off during information system construction.
机译：本文评估了共享一种类型的装运信息策略的好处，该策略将一个阶段的每个周期的装运数量与供应链中的直接下游成员共享。为此，采用模拟方法，建立了考虑两阶段线性供应链的定量模型。我们的结果表明，在大多数情况下，这种由信息技术支持的策略可帮助供应链成员很好地适应和解决发货不确定性。运输数量的不确定性越大，组织从此类信息中获得的利益就越大。在对未完成订单进行稳定补充的情况下，即及时补充未完成订单时，这种好处并不明显。因此，如果供应商具有足够好的订单履行记录，则可能不需要共享此类信息。否则，更快的协作和通过IT在供应链成员之间共享装运数量信息可以帮助改善供应链绩效。本文的另一个发现是，这种信息共享可能总是使信息接收者受益，但对信息发送者却可能没有好处，即，它增加了在上游接收信息的下游成员的成本－收益权衡。共享此类信息，则需要权衡实施该策略。对战略参与者的这种不同对待可能会在实施过程中造成障碍。它激励参与者协商满意的信息系统建设费用份额。该研究提供了一种量化共享货运信息价值的方法，并有助于供应链成员在信息系统构建过程中评估其成本效益权衡。

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