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Remote sensing of air pollution over large European cities by lidar

机译：激光雷达对欧洲大城市的空气污染进行遥感

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Abstract: Progresses in remote sensing of the atmosphere using the Lidar (Light detection and ranging) technique closely follows progress in Laser technology. We developed a mobile DIAL (differential absorption Lidar) system, based on high repetition rate Excimer-pumped dye lasers, for performing 2D- and 3D-mappings of concentration of NO, NO$-2$/, SO$-2$/, and O$-3$/. The high sensitivity of the system has been used for numerous environmental studies and measurement campaigns, providing for the first time a direct correlation between emission and immissions. Attractive results have been obtained under urban conditions, because of the presence of strong concentration gradients, and fast fluctuations due to traffic. A comparative study between Lyon, Stuttgart, Geneva and Berlin will be presented. In particular, the Berlin- campaign demonstrates the possibility of detecting unknown emitters and monitoring exportation-importation processes of atmospheric pollution. A new stationary DIAL system has been recently constructed and implemented on the top of a building in the center of the city Leipzig. It will routinely perform concentration mappings of nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and ozone, giving access to long term evolution of pollution distributions.!3
机译：摘要：使用激光雷达（光检测和测距）技术在大气遥感方面的进展紧随激光技术的进展。我们开发了基于高重复频率受激准分子泵浦的染料激光的移动DIAL（微分吸收激光雷达）系统，用于执行浓度为NO，NO $ -2 $ /，SO $ -2 $ /的2D和3D映射，和O $ -3 $ /。该系统的高灵敏度已被用于许多环境研究和测量活动，这首次提供了排放与排放之间的直接关联。由于存在强烈的浓度梯度以及由于交通引起的快速波动，因此在城市条件下获得了引人注目的结果。将介绍里昂，斯图加特，日内瓦和柏林之间的比较研究。尤其是，柏林竞选活动证明了探测未知排放源并监测大气污染进出口过程的可能性。最近在莱比锡市中心的建筑物顶部构造并实施了一种新的固定式DIAL系统。它将例行执行氮氧化物，二氧化硫和臭氧的浓度分布图，从而获得污染分布的长期演变！！ 3

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