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Categorization of Near-Collision Close Calls Reported to the Aviation Safety Reporting System

机译：向航空安全报告系统报告的近碰撞接近呼叫的分类

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摘要

Close calls in aviation are frequent occurrences. Many reports have described encounters with unmannedaerial vehicles or conflicts due to increasingly congested airspace. The Aviation Safety Reporting System,developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, contains many close call narratives.However, few theoretical frameworks facilitate analyses of close call reports. This article describes anexamination of close calls within the ASRS over a three-year period (2014-2016). The authors analyzed117 close call reports from the ASRS involving near-midair collisions. Using Bliss’s (2013) taxonomy, thereports were successfully analyzed in terms of category and severity level. Results indicated that nearlyhalf of the close calls occurred during the approach phase of flight. Also, a disproportionate number ofclose calls were “Un-signaled” and “Event-Driven.” Report frequency was negatively associated withaircraft separation distance. Recommendations include modification of the close call taxonomy to accountfor events caused by lack of responding.
机译：航空中的近距离通话经常发生。许多报告描述了与无人驾驶飞机相遇或由于日益拥挤的空域而引起的冲突。由国家航空航天局开发的航空安全报告系统包含许多近距离通话叙述，但是很少有理论框架可用于对近距离通话报告进行分析。本文介绍了三年（2014-2016）期间ASRS内的近距离通话审查。作者分析了来自ASRS涉及近空中碰撞的近距离呼叫报告117。使用Bliss（2013）的分类法，成功地对了报告的类别和严重程度进行了分析。结果表明，近一半的近距离呼叫发生在飞行进近阶段。另外，关闭呼叫的数量也成比例地是“无信号”和“事件驱动”。报告频率与飞机间隔距离负相关。建议包括修改近距离分类法，以解决因缺乏响应而导致的事件。

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