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FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICALLY-BASED RAINFALL/RUNOFF MODELS

机译：基于物理的降雨/径流模型的基本原理

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Rapid urbanisation in many cities is not always accompanied by the proper development of infrastructure facilities. Extensive urban construction increases the impervious area, thus increasing the fraction of rainfall converted into direct runoff. The final result is the increase of both runoff volume and peak discharge, leading to property damage and inconvenience to urban inhabitants. Solving the problem of flooding in urban areas has two aspects: reduction of flood risk and damage, and control of pollution caused by urban floods. To cope with these in an efficient way, as a part of an integrated solution, it is necessary to have appropriate tools for analysis of physical processes involved, and for design and operational management of the storm drainage infrastructure system. Although the modelling of rainfall-runoff in urban areas is based on similar approaches as in natural catchments, the principal difference is caused by the details needed to model the underlying processes correctly. Also, there are many man-made structures in urban areas that either obstruct or facilitate runoff, and they have to be taken into account in detailed modelling.
机译：许多城市的快速城市化并不总是伴随着基础设施的适当发展。广泛的城市建设增加了不透水面积，因此增加了降雨转化为直接径流的比例。最终结果是径流量和高峰流量增加，导致财产损失和给城市居民带来不便。解决城市洪水问题有两个方面：减少洪水的风险和破坏，以及控制城市洪水造成的污染。为了以有效的方式应对这些问题，作为集成解决方案的一部分，有必要拥有适当的工具来分析所涉及的物理过程以及雨水排放基础设施系统的设计和运营管理。尽管城市地区降雨径流的模拟是基于与自然流域类似的方法，但主要区别在于正确建模基础过程所需的细节。此外，城市地区有许多人造建筑物会阻碍或促进径流，因此在详细建模时必须将它们考虑在内。

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