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New problems and opportunities of oil spill monitoring systems

机译：漏油监控系统的新问题和新机遇

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Emergency oil and oil products spills represent a great danger to the environment, including ecosystems, and to the population. New problems of such dangerous spills and methods of early detection are discussed in this paper. It is proposed to conduct assessment of biological hazards of such spills on the basis of data on the distribution of individual oil hydrocarbons within the column of the water body and computer predictions of their toxicity. Oil radioactivity, which is associated with uranium and thorium, is seen as the important aspect of the oil spill danger, especially in watercourses. The need for an automated monitoring system for the early detection of oil spills in water bodies is analysed. The proposed system consists of three subsystems. The first remote sensing subsystem is based on powerful fluorescent lidars; experimental results on lidar registration of oil pollution of water are reported. The second subsystem uses a network of automatic monitoring stations with contact detectors. The third subsystem is the combined sensor system based on remote and contact technologies.
机译：紧急石油和石油产品泄漏对环境（包括生态系统）和人口构成了巨大威胁。本文讨论了此类危险溢出物的新问题和早期发现方法。建议根据有关油体在水体柱内的分布情况以及其毒性的计算机预测数据，对此类溢漏的生物危害进行评估。与铀和or有关的石油放射性被认为是溢油危险的重要方面，尤其是在水道中。分析了对自动监控系统的需求，以便及早发现水体中的溢油。拟议的系统包括三个子系统。第一个遥感子系统基于功能强大的荧光激光雷达；报道了激光雷达记录水油污染的实验结果。第二个子系统使用带有接触检测器的自动监控站网络。第三个子系统是基于远程和联系技术的组合传感器系统。

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