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Modeling for Locating Pin Adjustment on Fixtures to Improve Positioning Accuracy of Parts

机译：定位夹具上定位销的模型，以提高零件的定位精度

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摘要

Many machining operations require fixtures for part positioning and clamping on CNC machine tools. To achieve required positioning accuracy of the part relative to the machine tool, the fixture usually provide locating pins which are in contact with some datum surfaces on the part. Traditionally, high precision is required for the manufacturing and assembly of the fixture for the part positioning accuracy. With the development of CNC techniques, the positioning error of the part can be compensated by the machine tool to lower the accuracy requirement for the fixture. However, six or more axes are required for the machine tool to compensate for all the position and orientation errors. This paper focuses on the usage of adjustable sliding pins as an alternative method for positioning error compensation for the machine tools that are lack of sufficient mobility or fixture compensation function. In particular, this paper proposes a generic mathematical model to calculate the amount of locating pin adjustment for compensating given positioning error of part. For this purpose, the kinematic equations of the part in contact with adjustable locating pins are derived, in which the pin positions are taken into account. Then the influence of the deviations in the pin positions on the part position and orientation is formulated. The model can be used to adjust the pins for positioning error compensation for all or some degrees of freedom of the part. A simulation study on a polyhedron part with three fixed and three adjustable pins for a drilling operation has been carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
机译：许多加工操作都需要使用夹具来定位零件并将其夹紧在CNC机床上。为了获得所需的零件相对于机床的定位精度，固定装置通常提供与零件上某些基准面接触的定位销。传统上，为了零件定位精度，夹具的制造和组装需要高精度。随着数控技术的发展，机床可以补偿零件的定位误差，从而降低了对夹具的精度要求。但是，机床需要六个或更多的轴来补偿所有位置和方向误差。本文着眼于使用可调式滑动销作为一种替代方法，用于对缺乏足够移动性或夹具补偿功能的机床进行位置误差补偿。特别是，本文提出了一种通用的数学模型来计算定位销调整量，以补偿零件的给定定位误差。为此，推导了与可调节定位销接触的零件的运动学方程，其中考虑了销的位置。然后，确定销位置偏差对零件位置和方向的影响。该模型可用于调整销，以对零件的全部或某些自由度进行定位误差补偿。通过对带有三个固定销和三个可调销的多面体零件进行钻孔仿真研究，以证明该方法的有效性。

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