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Machine vision based quality inspection of flat glass products

机译:基于机器视觉的平板玻璃产品质量检查

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This application paper presents a machine vision solution for the quality inspection of flat glass products. A contact image sensor (CIS) is used to generate digital images of the glass surfaces. The presented machine vision based quality inspection at the end of the production line aims to classify five different glass defect types. The defect images are usually characterized by very little 'image structure', i.e. homogeneous regions without distinct image texture. Additionally, these defect images usually consist of only a few pixels. At the same time the appearance of certain defect classes can be very diverse (e.g. water drops). We used simple state-of-the-art image features like histogram-based features (std. deviation, curtosis, skewness), geometric features (form factor/elongation, eccentricity, Hu-moments) and texture features (grey level run length matrix, co-occurrence matrix) to extract defect information. The main contribution of this work now lies in the systematic evaluation of various machine learning algorithms to identify appropriate classification approaches for this specific class of images. In this way, the following machine learning algorithms were compared: decision tree (J48), random forest, JRip rules, naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine (multi class), neural network (multilayer perceptron) and k-Nearest Neighbour. We used a representative image database of 2300 defect images and applied cross validation for evaluation purposes.
机译:该应用论文提出了一种用于平板玻璃产品质量检查的机器视觉解决方案。接触式图像传感器(CIS)用于生成玻璃表面的数字图像。在生产线末端提出的基于机器视觉的质量检查旨在对五种不同的玻璃缺陷类型进行分类。缺陷图像通常以很少的“图像结构”为特征,即没有明显图像纹理的均匀区域。此外,这些缺陷图像通常仅包含几个像素。同时,某些缺陷类别的外观可能非常不同(例如水滴)。我们使用了简单的最新图像特征,例如基于直方图的特征(标准偏差,弯曲,偏斜),几何特征(形状因子/伸长率,偏心率,Hu矩)和纹理特征(灰度级运行长度矩阵) (共现矩阵)以提取缺陷信息。现在,这项工作的主要贡献在于对各种机器学习算法的系统评估,以针对该特定类别的图像识别合适的分类方法。这样,比较了以下机器学习算法:决策树(J48),随机森林,JRip规则,朴素贝叶斯,支持向量机(多类),神经网络(多层感知器)和k最近邻居。我们使用了2300个缺陷图像的代表性图像数据库,并进行了交叉验证以进行评估。

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