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首页> 外文会议>Informatics in schools : teaching and learning perspectives >The Many Facets of Scratch
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The Many Facets of Scratch

机译：从头开始的多方面

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摘要

This paper describes different Scratch activities proposed in different learning situations: for primary school-children aged about 9-10 years old; for in-service teachers active in various levels and types of schools, but with very low or without computing competences; for teachers and pupils in middle schools; for students in their beginning two years of technical secondary school (not necessarily specialized in informatics); and for future informatics teachers having a good knowledge of computer science. In all of these situations, Scratch has been introduced as a system for producing original stories, rather than as a programming system. For beginners, this choice proves to be successful in inspiring and motivating their intent to carry on with new activities. This success is mostly due to the possibility of producing, in a relatively short time, artifacts that teachers can immediately use in school; and the students feel they have created a complete product to show to other students (or to the family and to friends). Informatics experts, in particular informatics teachers, discover a pedagogical methodology they are not used to for introducing to programming. All the while, by using Scratch, we can introduce a number of fundamental elements of computer science such as algorithmic complexity. Also, students go through an introductory programming experience, making a faster and smoother change to other programming languages and other environments. In general, the use of Scratch supports and facilitates a process toward achieving competences that many consider necessary to our future young people.
机译：本文描述了在不同学习情况下提出的不同的Scratch活动：针对9至10岁的小学生；适用于活跃在各种级别和类型的学校中，但具有非常低或没有计算机能力的在职教师；给中学的师生；针对初中两年级的学生（不一定专门从事信息学）；对于未来的信息学老师来说，他们对计算机科学有很好的了解。在所有这些情况下，Scratch都是作为产生原始故事的系统引入的，而不是作为编程系统引入的。对于初学者而言，这种选择被证明可以成功地激发和激发他们继续进行新活动的意图。取得这种成功的主要原因是，有可能在较短的时间内生产出教师可以立即在学校使用的文物。并且学生认为他们已经创建了一个完整的产品，可以向其他学生（或向家人和朋友展示）展示。信息学专家，特别是信息学教师，发现了他们不习惯于引入编程的教学方法。一直以来，通过使用Scratch，我们可以介绍计算机科学的许多基本元素，例如算法复杂性。此外，学生还将经历介绍性编程经验，从而更快，更流畅地更改其他编程语言和其他环境。通常，使用Scratch支持并促进了许多人认为对我们未来的年轻人必要的能力的实现过程。

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