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首页> 外文会议>Instruments, methods, and missions for astrobiology XIII >Review on the Origin of Oil and Hydrocarbon Gases within our Solar System - Biogenic and Abiogenic?
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Review on the Origin of Oil and Hydrocarbon Gases within our Solar System - Biogenic and Abiogenic?

机译：回顾我们太阳系中石油和碳氢化合物气体的起源-生物成因和生物成因？

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The petroleum hydrocarbons (oil like components and gas) and kerogen macromolecule are abundant within the extraterrestrial atmospheric particles, as reservoir of lakes and oceans or in hydrate forms, and within various carbonaceous chondrites (from asteroid belts, comets, and planets/moons), and as solid residue within the planets or moons within and outside our Solar System. Some of the important occurrences of petroleum hydrocarbons are: (a) the cup-like craters and large lakes, in the atmosphere within two moons of Saturn {Hyperion and Titan), and possibly also in Saturn's rings; (b) solid organic complexes with aromatic and aliphatic units within Iapetus and many bodies in the outer Solar System; (c) abundance of water, methane, gas hydrates within Mars; (d) remnant of nannofossils, kerogen-like geopolymers, and oil-like components within most of the CM, Cl, and C2 carbonaceous chondrites. These discoveries clearly rekindled the very old debate over the biogenic or abiogenic origin on the genesis of these hydrocarbons. Several theories are prevalent for the abiogenic origin of petroleum: formation of gas by mantle decompression and thermal tsunami; various deep polymerization processes in the upper mantle gases through inorganic processes; gases evolved from a hot deep biosphere in the mantle, migration through deep-seated faults, and eventual polymerization of gases to heavier hydrocarbons. Most prevalent ideas of the origin of petroleum pool within various stratigraphic intervals in the terrestrial environment are overwhelmingly connected to the thermal degradation of macromolecular kerogen of biological entities. The current publication illustrated both these views on the genesis of petroleum hydrocarbons within carbonaceous chondrites that could be derived from other planets or moons within our Solar System and the asteroid belts and beyond.
机译：石油碳氢化合物（油状成分和气体）和干酪根大分子在湖泊外的大气颗粒中，作为湖泊和海洋的水库或以水合物形式存在，以及在各种碳质球粒陨石中（来自小行星带，彗星和行星/月球）都丰富，以及作为太阳系内外行星或卫星内的固体残渣。石油碳氢化合物的一些重要发生是：（a）杯状的火山口和大湖泊，在土星两颗卫星（Hyperion和Titan）的大气中，也可能在土星环中； （b）伊帕特斯内部具有芳香和脂肪族单元的固体有机配合物，以及太阳系外部的许多物体； （c）火星内有大量的水，甲烷，天然气水合物； （d）大多数CM，Cl和C2碳质球粒陨石中残留的纳米化石，类干酪根的地质聚合物和类油成分。这些发现显然重新激起了关于这些烃类成因的生物成因或非生物成因的古老争论。石油的非生物成因普遍存在几种理论：地幔减压和热海啸形成天然气；通过无机过程在上地幔气体中进行各种深度聚合过程；气体从地幔中的深部生物圈中释放出来，通过深部断层迁移，最终气体聚合成重烃。在地球环境的不同地层间隔内，石油储集层成因的最普遍观点与生物实体大分子干酪根的热降解紧密相关。当前的出版物说明了这两种观点，这些观点都是关于碳质球粒陨石中石油碳氢化合物的成因的，这些碳氢化合物球粒陨石可能来自我们太阳系以及小行星带及其以外的其他行星或卫星。

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