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Safe Life and Damage Tolerance Concepts of Railway Axles

机译：铁路车轴的安全寿命和容错概念

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On July 9,2008 a high speed train derailed in Cologne main station,Germany at a low speed because an axle was broken.Fortunately,the derailment happened at a low speed so that nobody was injured.The reason for the broken axle was investigated and it turned out that most likely large inclusions located shortly underneath the surface in a T-transition were the origin of the final crack.Basing on that result,a systematic investigation on existing safety assessments of railway axles was performed.This results in an analysis of the production process of axles and in a critical review of existing of existing assessments.Improvements and future developments are outlined.
机译：2008年7月9日，一列高速火车在德国科隆主站低速出轨，原因是车轴损坏了。幸运的是，出轨发生在低速状态，没有人受伤。结果表明，T型过渡表面附近最有可能的大夹杂物是最终裂纹的起点。基于此结果，对现有的铁路车轴安全性评估进行了系统的研究。车轴的生产过程，并对现有评估进行严格审查。概述了改进和未来发展。

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