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Investigation of the Radio Wavefront of Air Showers with LOPES and REAS3

机译:用LOPES和REAS3研究风淋室的无线电波前

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The wavefront shape of the radio emission by cosmic ray air showers is investigated with LOPES measure-mentsand REAS3 simulations. The results indicate that the radio wavefront is approximately conical, and thus neitherplanar nor spherical as assumed in earlier analyses. According to the REAS3 simulations, the opening angle of the conicalwavefront is correlated with the atmospheric depth of the shower maximum, Xmax. Thus, radio wavefront measurementsprovide a method for the estimation of the mass of the primary particle initiating the air shower. The radio wavefront canbe reconstructed from pulse arrival time measurements in individual antennas, which has been done with LOPES. LOPESis a digital interferometric antenna array co-located with the KASCADE-Grande particle detector array for air showermeasurements at KIT, Germany. Due to the precise time calibration of LOPES, the pulse arrival time measurements areonly limited by noise. The radio wavefront of several hundred LOPES events has been reconstructed and compared toREAS3 simulations of the radio emission. The simulations are based on the KASCADE-Grande measurements of eachindividual air shower and are generally compatible with LOPES measurements. Although at LOPES the Xmax precisionis limited by noise, the method itself is very promising for future radio arrays in regions with low radio background.
机译:利用LOPES测量和REAS3模拟研究了宇宙射线风淋的无线电发射的波前形状。结果表明,无线电波前是近似圆锥形的,因此既没有平面的也没有球面的,正如先前的分析所假设的那样。根据REAS3模拟,圆锥形波阵面的张开角与淋浴最大值Xmax的大气深度相关。因此,无线电波前测量提供了一种用于估计引发空气喷淋的初级粒子质量的方法。可以根据LOPES在单个天线中的脉冲到达时间测量结果重建无线电波前。 LOPE是一个数字干涉天线阵列,与位于德国KIT的空气喷洒测量的KASCADE-Grande粒子检测器阵列并置。由于LOPES的精确时间校准,因此脉冲到达时间的测量仅受噪声限制。已经重建了数百个LOPES事件的无线电波前,并将其与无线电发射的REAS3仿真进行了比较。这些模拟基于每个独立空气淋浴器的KASCADE-Grande测量,并且通常与LOPES测量兼容。尽管在LOPES,Xmax的精度受到噪声的限制,但该方法本身对于无线电背景较低的区域中的未来无线电阵列很有希望。

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