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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Advances in Building Technology Vol.2, Dec 4-6, 2002, Hong Kong, China >QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF BUILT-UP GEOMETRY AND TREES ON DIURNAL AIR TEMPERATURE IN CANYON-TYPE COURTYARDS
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QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF BUILT-UP GEOMETRY AND TREES ON DIURNAL AIR TEMPERATURE IN CANYON-TYPE COURTYARDS

机译：构造型和树形对峡谷型庭院日气温的影响的定量评价。

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This paper attempts to place proper emphasis on the role of urban courtyards in passive cooling. The article is a part of a larger study in preparation on the sustainability design of urban streets and courtyards on passive cooling in the urban canopy layer (UCL). The passive design control elements studied are the courtyard's geometry and the density of shade trees. The study presents the case of attached canyon-type, courtyards in residential buildings, using summer data in the Tel-Aviv metropolitan area near the Mediterranean sea coast, characterized by hot and humid climate during the summer season. Measurements of air temperature were taken hourly at 9:00, 15:00,and 18:00 h in two courtyards, situated in the same locality in Tel-Aviv. Both courtyards consist of a 20 ― 25 meter open space enclosed between two stretches of buildings of about 12 m high. Simulations were conducted for each courtyard, with and without trees, using an analytical model, the "Green CTTC model", developed recently by the authors. The simulations provide quantitative evaluation of a courtyard's diurnal air temperature pattern over the course of 24 hours. The effects of changes in the courtyard's geometry and the density of shade trees were studied by simulations. The simulated values were compared with measurements in situ. The combined cooling effect of the two studied courtyards due to trees and deepening is found to reach 4.5 K at noon out of 9 K rise of air temperature from sunrise to noon in August. The illustrations of the simulations carried out on the two studied courtyards further the importance of sustainability consideration in courtyard designs, and thus show the potentially in AC energy saving. The Green CTTC model applied to urban courtyards provides a practical tool for this purpose.
机译：本文试图适当强调城市庭院在被动制冷中的作用。本文是准备对城市雨棚层（UCL）中被动冷却的城市街道和庭院进行可持续性设计的一项较大研究的一部分。研究的被动设计控制元素是庭院的几何形状和遮荫树的密度。这项研究使用地中海沿岸附近特拉维夫市区的夏季数据，以夏季时的高温和潮湿气候为特征，提出了住宅建筑中依附峡谷型庭院的案例。每小时在9：00、15：00和18:00 h在特拉维夫同一地点的两个院子中测量空气温度。两个庭院都由20到25米的开放空间组成，封闭在两座高约12 m的建筑物之间。作者使用最近开发的分析模型“绿色CTTC模型”对每个有无树木的庭院进行了仿真。这些模拟提供了在24小时内对院子的昼夜气温模式的定量评估。通过模拟研究了庭院几何形状和遮荫树密度变化的影响。将模拟值与原位测量值进行比较。在8月从日出到正午的9 K气温上升中，两个研究的庭院由于树木和加深而产生的综合降温效果在正午达到4.5K。在两个研究过的庭院上进行的模拟说明进一步说明了在庭院设计中考虑可持续性的重要性，因此显示了交流节能的潜力。用于城市庭院的绿色CTTC模型为此提供了实用工具。

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