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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Advances in Building Technology Vol.2, Dec 4-6, 2002, Hong Kong, China >SUSTAINABLE BEARING STRUCTURES
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SUSTAINABLE BEARING STRUCTURES

机译：可持续的轴承结构

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Aiming at a factor 20 reduction of the environmental load of buildings in 2040, it is necessary and logical to start by reducing the environmental load of the most important aspects of a building. The bearing structure is responsible for the second largest part of the environmental load of the building; the energy consumption is responsible for the greater part, assuming the life span of a building is 75 years (van den Dobbelsteen & van der Linden, 2000). The bearing structure consists of the foundation, columns, beams, floor and roof structure, and sometimes walls and facades. The horizontal elements of the bearing structure, consisting of the floor and roof structure and beams, are causing about 80% of the environmental load of the total bearing structure. Especially the floor and roof structure play a very important role (Arets, 2000). Therefore, optimisation of the floor structure will lead to an important environmental improvement of the whole office building. The question which structural material is ecologically or economically best, depends on the span the building design needs. For each floor type, for structural spans between 4.8 and 16.8 m, the environmental load and cost have been determined, resulting in a clear overview of best solutions for different spans. Besides using the best floor types from an environmental point of view, given a certain building span, there are three other possibilities of diminishing the environmental load of the bearing structure: 1. using the right material for the right function 2. use of new materials for bearing structures 3. innovative solutions for bearing structures This paper describes how to determine the most sustainable floor types and how these other three possibilities contribute to diminishment of the environmental load of the bearing structure.
机译：为了在2040年将建筑物的环境负荷降低20倍，有必要且合乎逻辑的是从降低建筑物最重要方面的环境负荷开始。承重结构是建筑物环境负荷的第二大部分。假设建筑物的使用寿命为75年，那么能耗就占了很大一部分（van den Dobbelsteen＆van der Linden，2000）。轴承结构由地基，立柱，横梁，地板和屋顶结构，有时包括墙壁和外墙组成。轴承结构的水平元素（由地板和屋顶结构以及横梁组成）造成了整个轴承结构约80％的环境负荷。特别是地板和屋顶结构起着非常重要的作用（Arets，2000）。因此，地板结构的优化将导致整个办公楼的环境改善。哪种结构材料在生态或经济上最佳，这取决于建筑设计需要的跨度。对于每种地板类型，在4.8至16.8 m之间的结构跨度中，已经确定了环境负荷和成本，从而清晰地概述了不同跨度的最佳解决方案。除了在环境角度上使用最佳地板类型外，在一定的建筑跨度下，还有其他三种可能会减少轴承结构的环境负荷：1.使用正确的材料实现正确的功能2.使用新的材料用于轴承结构的3.轴承结构的创新解决方案本文介绍如何确定最可持续的地板类型，以及这三种可能性如何有助于减少轴承结构的环境负荷。

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