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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Built Environment and Public Health(BEPH2004); 20041206-08; Shantou(CN) >The Needs for an Inter-disciplinary Study on Possible Airborne Transmission of SARS Virus Aerosols in Indoor Environments
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The Needs for an Inter-disciplinary Study on Possible Airborne Transmission of SARS Virus Aerosols in Indoor Environments

机译：需要在室内环境中跨学科研究SARS病毒气雾的空气传播途径

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There has been a growing interest in improving ventilation control of droplet/airborne transmitted diseases in buildings and hospitals since the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemics in Hong Kong and elsewhere between November 2002 and June 2003. However, such ventilation control measures were considered without a positive international consensus on the possibility of airborne transmission of the SARS virus. SARS virus is considered to be primarily transmitted by large droplets and close contact. Did air flow and ventilation in buildings play any roles in the transmission of SARS virus during the SARS epidemics? This paper reviews published possible/probable evidences/reports of airborne transmission and the roles played by air flow pattern and building ventilation in a number of the so-called super spreading events. It was probably these possible or probable evidences that have led to the consideration of airborne precaution in controlling SARS spread in some countries or some guidelines. The unfortunate SARS epidemics have given us a painful lesson in terms of basic building services design and maintenance including the failure of the simple water seal traps in the Amoy Gardens housing estate in Hong Kong, possible roles played by building ventilation and air flows in hospitals. The problem of "proving" airborne transmission of a disease is a very complex one. The importance of accurate information on the possibility of airborne transmission is obvious as the engineering costs for infection control for the different transmission routes such as large droplet and airborne transmission are very different. Unlike other transmission routes, airborne transmission through droplet nuclei often involves a complex physical process of generation and movement of droplets and bio-aerosols, and a complex biological process of virus or bacterium survival in the droplets and droplet nuclei. Airborne transmission often occurs in association with close contact, e.g. in a crowded room. It is difficult to isolate the possibility of airborne transmission from other possible transmission routes in a particular disease outbreak. Investigating possible airborne transmission needs an inter-disciplinary study with involvement of medical professionals, infection control experts, microbiologists, epidemiologists and engineers.
机译：自2002年11月至2003年6月香港及其他地区发生严重急性呼吸道综合症（SARS）流行以来，人们对改善建筑物和医院中的飞沫/空气传播疾病的通风控制的兴趣日益浓厚。但是，已考虑采用此类通风控制措施在空中传播SARS病毒的可能性方面没有达成积极的国际共识。 SARS病毒被认为主要通过大飞沫和紧密接触传播。在SARS流行期间，建筑物的空气流通和通风是否对SARS病毒的传播起任何作用？本文回顾了空气传播的可能/可能的证据/报告，以及在许多所谓的超级传播事件中气流模式和建筑物通风所起的作用。这些可能或可能的证据可能导致在某些国家或某些准则中考虑采取空中预防措施来控制SARS的传播。不幸的SARS流行给我们提供了基础建筑服务设计和维护方面的惨痛教训，其中包括香港淘花园住宅区简单的水封疏水阀故障，建筑物的通风和医院气流可能发挥的作用。 “改善”空气传播疾病的问题是一个非常复杂的问题。关于机载传播可能性的准确信息的重要性是显而易见的，因为不同的传播途径（如大液滴和机载传播）的感染控制工程成本非常不同。与其他传播途径不同，通过液滴核的空气传播通常涉及液滴和生物气溶胶的产生和运动的复杂物理过程，以及病毒或细菌在液滴和液滴核中生存的复杂生物过程。空中传播通常与密切接触相关联发生，例如在拥挤的房间里。在特定的疾病暴发中，很难将空中传播的可能性与其他可能的传播途径隔离开来。调查可能的空中传播需要医学专业人员，感染控制专家，微生物学家，流行病学家和工程师参与的跨学科研究。

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