Human Factors Questionnaire measurement of engineer decision frequency

机译：人为因素调查表工程师决策频率的测量

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The University of Virginia Center for Rail Safety-Critical Excellence (CRSCE) has developed a questionnaire for measuring railroad engineers' beliefs regarding the frequency of unusual action decisions based upon scenarios encountered during a daily work schedule. The questionnaire is designed to collect responses via a secure web-based interface. Scenarios describe railroad conditions such as work zones, temporary speed restricted zones, control point signal aspects, and emergency braking. Engineers are given the correct response according to rulebook regulations. Given these conditions, engineers are asked to rate the frequency of unusual action decisions of a hypothetical crew, based upon performance-shaping factors of fatigue, broad and specific experience, training, and attention. Engineers respond to categories of Never, Once in 50 years, Once in 20 years, Once in 5 years, Once in a year, Once in a month, or Regularly. Psychometric analyses include the estimation of probabilities of an action, given the scenario conditions and behavioural shaping factors. Item characteristics relating scenario-action rarity, and engineer response characteristics related to background experience, training, and work satisfaction are specified in the study design. Results will indicate the relative importance of work conditions and performance conditions towards predicting unusual action frequency so that railroad transportation safety and human decision-making is better understood.

机译：弗吉尼亚大学铁路安全关键卓越中心（CRSCE）已开发了一份调查表，用于根据日常工作时间表中遇到的情况，测量铁路工程师对异常操作决策频率的看法。该问卷旨在通过安全的基于Web的界面收集答复。方案描述了铁路条件，例如工作区，临时限速区，控制点信号方面和紧急制动。根据规则手册的规定，工程师将获得正确的响应。在这种情况下，要求工程师根据疲劳，广泛和特定经验，培训和关注的绩效塑造因素，对假设的机组做出异常行动决定的频率进行评估。工程师对“永不”，“ 50年一次”，“ 20年一次”，“ 5年一次”，“一年一次”，“一年一次”，“每月一次”或“定期”等类别进行响应。心理测量分析包括在给定情景条件和行为塑造因素的情况下对动作概率的估计。研究设计中指定了与场景动作稀有性相关的项目特征以及与背景经验，培训和工作满意度相关的工程师响应特征。结果将表明工作条件和性能条件对于预测异常动作频率的相对重要性，以便更好地理解铁路运输安全和人为决策。

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来源
《International Conference on Computers in Railways; 2004; Dresden; DE》|2004年|P.149-153|共5页
会议地点 Dresden(DE);Dresden(DE);Dresden(DE)
作者
K. M. Schmidt; R. P. Bowles; T. C. Giras;
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作者单位

Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, USA;

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会议组织
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
中图分类铁路线路工程;计算技术、计算机技术;
关键词
human factors; railroad safety; decision-making processes;

机译：人为因素;铁路安全;决策过程;

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7. Decision-making is the process of analyzing information about a problem situation and comparing it to a specific conclusion in order to solve a specific problematic (Yıkılmaz, 2001; Miller and Byrnes, 2001). Decision-making styles are a mechanism that is influenced by the internal and external conditions that determine the direction of the decisions of the individual, the content of the decision-making process, and the outcome of the decision-making process (Payne, Bettman and Johson, 1993; Bavol’ár and Orosová, 2015). ACT is a contemporary member of the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy family. ACT (Acceptance and commitment therapy) has both similar and different directions with Behavioral Therapies and Cognitive Therapies (Herbet and Forman, 2011; Hayes, 2004). KKT responds to classical behavioral treatments using both existential and cognitive approaches in the analysis of behavior. KKT is a science wing that tries to solve human problems with a wider perspective aimed at solving problematic human behaviors (Plumb, Stewart, Dahl and Lundgren, 2009). It is seen that there is very little research about the new approach of ACT approach when the aiming country of our country is screened and it is thought that our country will contribute to the field of psychological counseling with the work done. In the scope of the research, experimental and control groups and preliminary test, post-test and follow-up measurements of 2x3 experimental design were used. The study's study group consists of a total of 24 (12 experimental and 12 control groups) university students studying in different departments and levels, continuing their education in the academic year of 2015-2016 in Ağrı province and İbrahim Chechen University in 2015-2016 academic year. The average age of participants in the experiment and control group is 20. There were 12 participants in the experimental group, 7 female and 5 male, and 12 participants, 7 female and 5 male in the control group. Personal Information Form and Decision Making Style Scale prepared by the researcher were used in the research. In order to decide on the tests to be used in the course of analyzing the data, the scores of the participant's Decision Styles Scale pre-test, which are placed primarily in the experimental and control groups, it was analyzed whether the basic expectations of parametric tests were answered. As a result of the analysis made, the scores, skewness and kurtosis coefficients obtained from the Decision Making Styles Scale were given to the experimental and control groups. It was determined that the distribution was normal in the result of Shapiro-Wilk test, in which the skewness and kurtosis coefficients of each sub-scale were ranked between -1 and +1. Participants in the experimental and control groups; homogeneity test results for decision-style pre-test measurements indicate that the data are homogeneous. According to the results of the Mauchly Globalness Test, it has been determined that working supports the hypothesis. It was determined that there was no significant difference between the pre-test scores obtained from dependent decision-making style of experiment and control groups, but the test group showed lower mean scores at the significant level within the scores of post-test and follow-up tests. Therefore, it can be said that the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group reduces the dependent decision-making style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions and the psychoeducation program has a lasting effect. It was determined that there was no significant difference between pre-test, post-test and follow-up scores obtained from the Spontaneous-Instant Decision Style of experiment and control groups. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not cause a significant difference in the Spontaneous-Decision-Making Style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The ACT -oriented psychoeducation program had a decline in the intuitive decision-making styles of the individuals, but this decrease did not create significant differences. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not make a meaningful difference in the intuitive decision style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the KKT oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The pre-test scores obtained from the rational decision-making style of the experimental and control groups showed that there was a difference between the post-test and the follow-up scores, but this difference was not significant. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the test group had higher levels of rational decision style than the pre - test scores in the post test and follow - up scores, whereas the post test and follow - up test scores in the control group rational decision style showed a decrease compared to the pre - test scores. the pre - test scores. Decision-making Styles Scale Avoidant Decision Making As a result of the analysis of the mean scores of the subscale scores of pre-test, post-test and follow-up measures, the group effect was found to be insignificant. It was determined that the experimental and control groups differed significantly from the pre-test scores obtained from the avoidant decision-making style but did not show any significant change within the scores of the post-test and follow-up tests. [O] . mustafa ercengiz, ali haydar şar 2018

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Human Factors Questionnaire measurement of engineer decision frequency

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