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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Dam Safety Management（2008水库大坝安全管理国际研讨会） >Earth Dam Breaking: the Process and Mechanism
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Earth Dam Breaking: the Process and Mechanism

机译：土坝溃决：过程与机理

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摘要

Breach formation and development in earth dams is a complicated process depending on many factors and varies greatly from case to case. Despite the numerous studies conduc-ted, the knowledge of the breach erosion mechanism in earth clams is still rather poor. In the present study, based on observation of prototype earth dam breaking and experiments in the laboratory and in the field, the process and mechanism of earth dam breaking due to over-flowing has been investigated and described. The whole breach erosion process in earth clams can be generally distinguished into four stages. During the first stage, the overtopping flow lowers the dam crest and steepens the downstream slope of the clam until a certain critical an-gle is arrived. Then in Stages Ⅱand Ⅲ, flow shear erosion, dam foundation scour and head-cut mass wasting occur and weaken the dam body until the dam is completely broken through at the end of Stage Ⅲ. For the last stage (i. e. Stage Ⅳ), breach erosion takes place mainly laterally.
机译：土坝的裂口形成和发展是一个复杂的过程，取决于许多因素，并且因情况而异。尽管进行了大量的研究，但是关于蛤c中的侵蚀侵蚀机理的知识仍然很贫乏。在本研究中，基于对原型土坝破坏的观察以及在实验室和现场进行的实验，研究和描述了由于溢流引起的土坝破坏的过程和机理。蛤c的整个侵蚀侵蚀过程通常可分为四个阶段。在第一阶段，越过顶流降低坝顶，并使蛤的下游坡度变陡，直到到达一定的临界角。然后，在阶段Ⅱ和Ⅲ中，发生流动剪切侵蚀，坝基冲刷和切头质量浪费，并削弱了坝体，直到在Ⅲ期末完全冲破坝体为止。对于最后一个阶段（即阶段Ⅳ），破坏侵蚀主要发生在横向。

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