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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Radiological Protection of Patients in Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy, Mar 26-30, 2001, In Malaga, Spain >RADIATION DOSES TO NEONATES AND ISSUES OFRADIATION PROTECTION IN A SPECIAL CARE BABY UNIT
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RADIATION DOSES TO NEONATES AND ISSUES OFRADIATION PROTECTION IN A SPECIAL CARE BABY UNIT

机译：辐射照料特殊护理婴儿床中的 r n辐射防护问题

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Radiographs are most commonly taken in the neonatal period to assist in the diagnosis and management of respiratoryrndifficulties. Frequent accurate radiographic assessment is required and a knowledge of the radiation dose is necessary to makernthe justification of such exposures. A survey of radiation doses to neonates from diagnostic X-ray examinations (chest andrnabdomen) has been carried out in the special care baby unit (SCBU) of the Royal Free Hospital. Entrance surface dose (ESD)rnwas calculated from Quality Control measurements on the X-ray set itself. Direct measurement of radiation doses was alsornperformed using highly sensitive thermoluminescence dosimeters (LiF:Mg,Cu,P), calibrated and tested for consistency inrnsensitivity. The mean ESD per radiograph was calculated to be u0001u0002u0003Gy (with a standard deviation of 6u0003Gy), averaged over 95 Xrayrnexaminations. The ESD’s as derived from the TLD crystals, ranged from 18u0003Gy to 60u0003Gy. The mean energy imparted (EI)rnand the mean whole body dose per radiograph were estimated to be 14u0003J and 10u0003Gy respectively. Assuming that neonates andrnfoetuses are equally susceptible to carcinogenic effects of radiation (it involves an overestimation of risk), the radiation risk ofrnchildhood cancer from a single radiograph was estimated to be of the order (0.3-1.3)u000110-6. Radiation doses comparedrnfavourably with the reference value of 80u0003Gy ESD published by CEC in 1996.
机译：X射线照片通常在新生儿时期拍摄，以帮助诊断和处理呼吸困难。需要经常进行准确的射线照相评估，并且必须掌握辐射剂量才能证明这种照射的合理性。皇家免费医院的特殊护理婴儿室（SCBU）已对X射线诊断性检查（胸部和腹部）对新生儿的辐射剂量进行了调查。入口表面剂量（ESD）rn是根据X射线机本身的质量控制测量值计算得出的。辐射剂量的直接测量也使用高灵敏度的热致发光剂量计（LiF：Mg，Cu，P）进行校准和一致性不敏感性测试。每张X光片的平均ESD计算为u0001u0002u0003Gy（标准差为6u0003Gy），在95个X射线检查中平均。来自TLD晶体的ESD范围为18u0003Gy至60u0003Gy。每张射线照相的平均能量传递（EI）rn和平均全身剂量估计分别为14u0003J和10u0003Gy。假设新生儿和胎儿对放射线的致癌作用同样敏感（涉及风险的高估），则单张X线片估计儿童癌症的放射线风险约为（0.3-1.3）u000110-6。辐射剂量与1996年CEC发布的80u0003Gy ESD参考值比较好。

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