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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Surface and Colloid Science; 200309; Brazil >Nicotine oleate dispersions as botanical insecticides
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Nicotine oleate dispersions as botanical insecticides

机译：尼古丁油酸酯分散体作为植物杀虫剂

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Two alternative extraction media for botanical insecticide nicotine were evaluated in order to increase its recovery efficiency from tobacco leaves: oleic acid oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions and oleic acid. The use of oleic acid O/W emulsions stabilized by calcium caseinate as extraction media in a percolation process showed a recovery efficiency between 62% (25℃) and 68% (60℃). Oleic acid O/W emulsions stabilized by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Tween 20, Tween 80 or Triton X100 were inappropriate as extraction media since they presented flocculation or phase separation after the extraction procedure. Bioassays of nicotine oleate O/W emulsions stabilized by sodium caseinate showed a lethal time 50 (LT_(50)) of 10 min. Nicotine extraction by a modified effleurage method showed a recovery efficiency between 85% (25℃) and 95% (60℃). Nicotine oleate O/W emulsions (45 vol %) prepared with the effleurage extract and using SDS showed the highest bioactivity (LT_(50) = 20 min). Nicotine oleate O/W emulsions prepared with the effleurage extract and stabilized by sodium caseinate, Tween 20, Tween 80 or Triton X100 showed LT_(50) values of over 50 min. Inter-facial tension measurements of nicotine effleurage extract-aqueous surfactant solution interfaces, droplet size analysis of nicotine oleate emulsions and nicotine concentrations at emulsion aqueous phases suggest that nicotine oleate in O/W emulsions stabilized by SDS was encapsulated in oil droplet emulsions, while in sodium caseinate, Tween 20, Tween 80 or Triton X100 emulsions the nicotine oleate acts as a cosurfactant, decreasing its insecticide activity.
机译：为了提高植物杀虫剂尼古丁的提取效率，从植物烟叶中提取了两种提取介质：油酸水包油（O / W）乳剂和油酸。在渗滤过程中使用酪蛋白酸钙稳定的油酸O / W乳液作为萃取介质，其回收率在62％（25℃）和68％（60℃）之间。用十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS），吐温20，吐温80或Triton X100稳定的油酸O / W乳状液不适合用作萃取介质，因为它们在萃取程序后会出现絮凝或相分离。酪蛋白酸钠稳定的尼古丁油酸酯O / W乳剂的生物测定显示致命时间50（LT_（50））为10分钟。改进的高效液相萃取法提取尼古丁的回收率在85％（25℃）和95％（60℃）之间。用洋红提取物和SDS制备的烟碱油酸O / W乳剂（45％（体积））显示出最高的生物活性（LT_（50）= 20分钟）。用美白提取物制备并用酪蛋白酸钠，吐温20，吐温80或Triton X100稳定的尼古丁油酸酯O / W乳剂的LT_（50）值超过50分钟。尼古丁增白剂-表面活性剂水溶液界面的界面张力测量，尼古丁油酸酯乳剂的液滴尺寸分析以及乳剂水相的尼古丁浓度表明，经SDS稳定的O / W乳剂中的尼古丁油酸酯被包裹在油滴乳剂中，而在酪蛋白酸钠，吐温20，吐温80或Triton X100乳剂，尼古丁油酸酯起辅助表面活性剂的作用，降低了其杀虫活性。

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