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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Water and Environment(WE-2003); 20031215-18; Bhopal(IN) >Influence Of Geology And Landuse On Water Yield Capacity Of Micro-Watersheds Of Lesser Himalaya, Uttaranchal, India
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Influence Of Geology And Landuse On Water Yield Capacity Of Micro-Watersheds Of Lesser Himalaya, Uttaranchal, India

机译：地质和土地利用对印度Uttaranchal小喜马拉雅山小流域水产量的影响

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摘要

Six micro-watershed of Khulgad watershed having different landuse and geological conditions were selected to study the factors controlling the runoff pattern and water yield capacity of streams in the crystalline rocks of Almora Group, Lesser Himalaya. Bhakar micro-watershed deformed due to tectonic structures (i.e., fault), having water yield capacity of 27958 m~3/km~2/yr, which is 4 times higher than that of Naula micro-watershed (i.e., oak-forest), 1.5 times higher from the Salla micro-watershed (i.e., pine forest), 2 times higher than the Khunt micro-watershed (agricultural land) and 1.4 times higher than the Kaneli micro-watershed (i.e., barren land). Higher water yield of Bhakar stream shows that the lineaments developed due to the tectonic movements are the primary factors controlling the water yield capacity of hilly terrain micro-watershed. This is the reason that micro-watersheds of agricultural land are having greater capacity to generate water than the oak forest micro-watershed. The hydrograph pattern showed that in the Naula watershed peak flow occurs in the month of September is due to delayed subsurface flow while in all other micro-watershed peak flow occurs in the month of August except during 1993 when maximum rainfall was in the September. Further, in the Khunt and Kaneli (agricultural and barren land) micro-watershed, even an early monsoon rain (May or June) caused the formation of the peak discharge. Obviously, this is due to the lack of water retaining capacity of the anthropogenically disturbed landuse micro-watershed in comparison to forested micro-watershed. The present study reveals that it is not so much the landuse pattern and the nature of vegetal cover which govern stream flow but the prominent tectonic structures such as faults, shear zones and the amount of rainfall determine the stream discharge.
机译：选择了六个具有不同土地利用和地质条件的胡格德流域微流域，以研究控制小喜马拉雅山阿尔莫拉组结晶岩中径流模式和水的产水量的因素。 Bhakar微流域由于构造结构（即断层）而变形，其产水量为27958 m〜3 / km〜2 / yr，比瑙拉微流域（橡树林）高4倍比Salla微流域（即松林）高1.5倍，比Khunt微流域（农业用地）高2倍，比Kaneli微流域（即荒地）高1.4倍。 Bhakar河水的较高产水量表明，由于构造运动而形成的地貌是控制丘陵地形微流域产水量的主要因素。这就是为什么农田的小流域比橡木林的小流域具有更大的产水能力。水文模式表明，瑙拉流域的峰值流量发生在9月，这是由于地下流量延迟造成的，而其他所有微流域的峰值流量发生在8月，除了1993年9月的最大降雨量。此外，在Khunt和Kaneli（农业和贫瘠的土地）的小流域，即使是季风降雨（5月或6月）也引起了峰值流量的形成。显然，这是由于与森林微流域相比，人为干扰的土地利用微流域缺乏保水能力。目前的研究表明，决定河流流量的主要不是土地利用方式和植被的性质，而是断层，剪切带和降雨量等突出的构造构造决定了河流流量。

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