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25 years Research in Range CFAR Techniques

机译：25年范围CFAR技术研究

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摘要

Radar target detection in noise or clutter is a very important device in each radar receiver. In all detection procedures the received echo signal amplitude is simply compared with a certain threshold. The main objective is to maximize the target detection probability under the constrains of very low and Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR). In theory the noise and clutter background will be described by a statistical model with e.g. Rayleigh or exponentially distributed random variables of known average noise power. But in practical applications this average noise or clutter power is absolutely unknown and some statistical parameter can additionally vary over range, time and azimuth. Therefore this paper describes some of the so-called range CFAR techniques for several different background signal situations in which the average noise power and some other additional statistical parameter are assumed to be unknown. All range CFAR techniques combine therefore an estimation procedure (to get precise knowledge about the noise power) and a decision step by applying an amplitude threshold to the echo signal amplitude inside the test cell. This general detection scheme has been analysed in many research activities and a large effort has been spent to this topic. The objective of this paper is to give a short characterisation and technical comparison of some of these important range CFAR detection schemes.
机译：噪声或杂波中的雷达目标检测是每个雷达接收器中非常重要的设备。在所有检测程序中，仅将接收到的回波信号幅度与某个阈值进行比较。主要目标是在非常低且恒定误报率（CFAR）的约束下最大化目标检测概率。理论上，噪声和杂波背景将由统计模型描述，例如瑞利或已知平均噪声功率的指数分布随机变量。但是在实际应用中，这种平均噪声或杂波功率是绝对未知的，并且某些统计参数还会随范围，时间和方位角而变化。因此，本文针对几种不同的背景信号情况描述了一些所谓的距离CFAR技术，在这些情况下，平均噪声功率和某些其他附加统计参数被假定为未知。因此，所有范围CFAR技术都通过将幅度阈值应用于测试单元内部的回波信号幅度，从而结合了估计程序（以获得有关噪声功率的精确知识）和决策步骤。已经在许多研究活动中分析了这种一般的检测方案，并为此付出了巨大的努力。本文的目的是对这些重要范围CFAR检测方案中的一些进行简短的表征和技术比较。

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