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首页> 外文会议>International Soil Conservation Organization Conference vol.4; 20020526-31; Beijing(CN) >Monitoring of Soil and Nutrient Losses in the Sichuan Purple Hilly Area in China
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Monitoring of Soil and Nutrient Losses in the Sichuan Purple Hilly Area in China

机译：中国四川紫色丘陵区水土流失监测

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The Hilly Purple area of the Sichuan Basin is one of the most important agricultural areas in Western China. This area has been degraded by constant soil erosion, which has reached 3,035 t/km~2 (Luo Xiachuan, 1992). Soil erosion has direct negative effects on the productivity of the land by loss of nutrients, water and soil. This loss of productivity affects the farmer's income. Also, it increases the pollution and siltation of the Yangtze river, causing several problems downstream. The EROCHINUT project has started in 1998 with the overall objective to develop a new methodology to improve land and water management on farm and watershed level in the current socio-economic situation by integrated use of participatory and soil erosion and nutrient modelling techniques. An integrated farm and watershed management approach will be used for this purpose. Within the 7km~2 large watershed, a catchment is selected for the soil erosion modelling work. Within this catchment, three sub-catchments were selected, having their own characteristic mixture of crop fields and hillslopes. In the outlet of these three sub-catchments flumes were built in order to measure the outflow during rain events causing runoff. These flumes were equipped with automatic samplers and ultrasonic level sensors that measured the water level and took water samples. These samples were analysed and sediment and nutrient concentration were determined. The results from these analyses were used in the physically based LISEM model (De Roo et al., 1992) to quantify the losses of soil and water.
机译：四川盆地的丘陵紫色地区是中国西部最重要的农业地区之一。该地区由于持续的水土流失而退化，已达到3035 t / km〜2（罗夏川，1992）。水土流失会损失养分，水和土壤，对土地生产力产生直接的负面影响。生产力的下降影响了农民的收入。而且，它增加了长江的污染和淤积，在下游造成了一些问题。 EROCHINUT项目始于1998年，其总体目标是通过结合使用参与性和土壤侵蚀及养分模拟技术，开发一种新方法来改善当前社会经济形势下农场和流域土地和水的管理。为此，将采用农场和流域综合管理方法。在7km〜2大流域内，选择流域进行水土流失建模工作。在该流域内，选择了三个子流域，它们具有各自独特的农作物田地和山坡混合体。在这三个子汇水区的出口处建造了水槽，以测量在降雨过程中导致径流的流出量。这些水槽配备了自动采样器和超声波液位传感器，可测量水位并采集水样。分析这些样品并确定沉积物和营养物浓度。这些分析的结果被用于基于物理的LISEM模型（De Roo等，1992）中，以量化土壤和水的损失。

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