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Effects of rock fragments on infiltration and evaporation in hilly purple soils of Sichuan Basin, China

机译：岩石碎屑对四川盆地丘陵紫色土入渗和蒸发的影响

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This paper presents the results of laboratory experiments showing the effects of rock fragments contained in three different purple soils of the Sichuan basin of southwest China. The experiments investigated how these rock fragments alter the soil’s physical, chemical, and agronomical characteristics such as infiltration and evaporation. We found that the infiltration rate, whether horizontal or vertical, in the three soils has the following order: gray brown purple soil  reddish brown purple soil  brown purple soil. With increasing rock fragment contents the accumulated infiltration decreases, while the total time decreases first and then increases. The minimum occurs at approximately 10–20% of fragment content by weight. The infiltration rate also changes with the distance. In the 0–5 cm range, the initial infiltration rate increases with increasing rock fragment contents, while in the 5–10 cm range, the slope of infiltration curve increases with increasing rock fragment contents. With increasing distance, the slope gradually decreases and finally reaches a stable value. The presence of rock fragments reduces soil water content, the minimal value appearing when the rock fragments were on top of the soil column (soil + rock sample), decreasing with increasing rock fragments for other samples mixed with fragments. Under the constant 40°C temperature, the accumulated evaporation and evaporation rate are minimal for soils covered by rock fragments, and the accumulated evaporation decreases with increasing rock fragment for other soil samples. However, the evaporation rate increases with increasing rock fragments in the first 4 days and decreases thereafter.
机译：本文介绍了实验室实验的结果，这些实验表明了西南四川盆地三种不同紫色土壤中所含岩石碎片的影响。实验研究了这些岩石碎片如何改变土壤的物理，化学和农艺特性，例如渗透和蒸发。我们发现三种土壤的入渗率，无论是水平还是垂直，都具有以下顺序：灰棕紫色土<红棕紫色土<棕紫色土。随着岩石碎片含量的增加，累积的入渗量减少，而总时间先减少然后增加。最小值出现在碎片重量的约10–20％处。渗透率也随着距离而变化。在0-5 cm范围内，初始入渗速率随碎石含量的增加而增加，而在5-10 cm范围内，入渗曲线的斜率随岩石碎屑含量的增加而增加。随着距离的增加，斜率逐渐减小，最终达到稳定值。岩石碎片的存在会降低土壤含水量，当岩石碎片位于土壤柱（土壤+岩石样品）的顶部时出现最小值，随着其他与碎片混合的样品的岩石碎片增加，岩石含量降低。在恒定的40°C温度下，岩石碎片覆盖的土壤的累积蒸发和蒸发速率最小，而其他土壤样品的累积蒸发随着岩石碎片的增加而降低。但是，蒸发速率在开始的4天内随着岩石碎片的增加而增加，此后降低。

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