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首页> 外文会议>International Symposium on Supercritical Fluids Tome 1: Natural Products, Process amp; Equipment Development; 20030428-20030430; Versailles; FR >COMPOSITIONAL CHANGES ON CHLOROPHYLLS AND CAROTENOIDS AS A FUNCTION OF SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE AND SUBCRITICAL PROPANE EXTRACTION OF OREGANO LEAVES
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COMPOSITIONAL CHANGES ON CHLOROPHYLLS AND CAROTENOIDS AS A FUNCTION OF SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE AND SUBCRITICAL PROPANE EXTRACTION OF OREGANO LEAVES

机译：叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的组成变化，作为超临界二氧化碳和超临界丙烷萃取矿质叶的功能

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摘要

In this work, the structural and compositional changes on chlorophylls and carotenoids as a function of supercritical carbon dioxide and sub-critical propane extraction of oleoresin from oregano leaves were studied.. The results indicated that the maximum oleoresin yield could be obtained with SC-CO_2 at 400 bars and 35 or 55℃ and sub-critical propane at 50 bars, Pigment solvating capacity of SC-CO_2 increased with the increase of extraction pressure. Great variation between raw material, oleoresin and residues (powders after extraction) was noticed in their pigment composition. Chlorophyll b and a and pheophytin a were the dominant pigments in raw material with small quantities of other derivatives. After extraction of oregano with SC-CO_2 at 35℃ and pressures higher than 200 bars, epimerisation and oxidation of chlorophylls took place in the residues. The content of artefacts was increased proportionally to the increase of the extraction pressure. SFE at 55℃ and 100 bars (long-time extraction) resulted in a great conversion of chlorophyll to Mg-free derivatives (pheophytins). The brownish green coloured-oleoresins contained only pheophytins indicating that rapid release of Mg and substitution of hydrogen atoms on the molecules accompany solubilization of such pigment by SC-CO_2 and subcritical propane.
机译：本文研究了叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的结构和组成变化与超临界二氧化碳的作用以及亚临界丙烷从牛至叶中提取油树脂的结果。结果表明，使用SC-CO_2可以获得最大的油树脂产量。在400 bar和35或55℃的温度下，在50 bar的亚临界丙烷下，SC-CO_2的颜料溶剂化能力随着萃取压力的增加而增加。原料，油脂树脂和残留物（提取后的粉末）之间的颜料组成差异很大。叶绿素b和a和脱镁叶绿素a是原材料中的主要色素，还有少量其他衍生物。在35℃和200 bar以上的压力下用SC-CO_2提取牛至后，残留物中发生了叶绿素的差向异构和氧化。人造物的含量与提取压力的增加成比例地增加。在55℃和100 bar（长时间萃取）下的SFE导致叶绿素向无镁衍生物（脱镁叶绿素）的转化很大。棕绿色的油性树脂仅含有脱镁叶绿素，表明镁的快速释放和氢原子在分子上的取代伴随着此类颜料被SC-CO_2和亚临界丙烷溶解。

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