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Investigation of Particulate Matter Pollutants in Parking Garages

机译：停车场颗粒物污染物的调查

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Air pollution is getting more emphasis in recent research and legislations due to its impact on human health and overall environmental quality. Particulate matter (PM) is one of the most important ambient air pollutants involved in a number of adverse health effects. In the case of parking garages, there are high levels of mobile PM pollutants due to air pollution coming from operation of vehicles engines. This study presents indoor PM measurements performed at three different enclosed parking garages A, B and C in two cities of Belgium with varying vehicle intensity and varying layout. Garages A and B are located in the ground floor and basement respectively of different multi-storey buildings in Brussels, while Garage C is in the ground floor of a multi-storey building in Leuven. Garage A is equipped with natural ventilation, whereas B and C have a combined mechanical and natural ventilation. Parking capacity of the garages A, B and C is 50, 130 and 185 car spaces respectively. Particle mass concentrations, number concentrations and their size distributions were measured continuously using an Electrical Low Pressure Impactor Plus (ELPI+) instrument. The impactor has 14 stages in the range of 6 nm to 10 μm. Three sizes of particles including PM_1, PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) were characterized under this study. The ELPI+ device was placed on a table at a height of 0.85 m from the floor. All samples were collected inside the garages for several hours during workdays for each measurement. The results indicated that the average particles mass concentrations in the garages ranged from 28 μg/Nm~3 to 50 μg/Nm~3 for PM_1, 43 μg/Nm~3 to 60 μg/Nm~3 for PM_(2.5) and 58 μg/Nm~3 to 90 μg/Nm~3 for PM_(10) respectively. The number concentrations were in the range of 28e+03 particles/cm~3 to 47e+03 particles/cm~3. Two distinct particle sizes of coarse and fine modes were observed in the particle mass size distributions in all examined garages, while the observed number size distributions showed dominant quantities of fine particles.
机译：由于空气污染对人类健康和整体环境质量的影响，因此在最近的研究和立法中越来越受到重视。颗粒物（PM）是涉及许多不利健康影响的最重要的环境空气污染物之一。在停车场的情况下，由于车辆发动机的运转会产生空气污染，因此存在大量的移动式PM污染物。这项研究提出了在比利时两个城市的三个不同的封闭式车库A，B和C中执行的室内PM测量，车辆的强度和布局各不相同。车库A和B分别位于布鲁塞尔不同多层建筑的底层和地下室，而车库C位于鲁汶的多层建筑的底层。车库A具有自然通风，而车库B和C具有机械和自然通风的结合。车库A，B和C的停车位分别为50、130和185个车位。使用电子低压冲击器（ELPI +）仪器连续测量颗粒质量浓度，数量浓度及其尺寸分布。撞击器具有14个位移台，范围从6 nm到10μm。在这项研究中，表征了三种尺寸的颗粒，包括PM_1，PM_（2.5）和PM_（10）。 ELPI +设备放在离地面0.85 m的桌子上。在每个工作日的工作日中，将所有样品收集在车库中几个小时。结果表明，车库中的平均颗粒质量浓度对于PM_1为28μg/ Nm〜3到50μg/ Nm〜3，对于PM_（2.5）和58为43μg/ Nm〜3到60μg/ Nm〜3 PM_（10）的μg/ Nm〜3到90μg/ Nm〜3。数浓度在28e + 03颗粒/ cm〜3至47e + 03颗粒/ cm〜3的范围内。在所有检查过的车库中，在颗粒质量分布中观察到两种不同的粗模式和细模式颗粒，而观察到的数量尺寸分布则显示出细颗粒占主导地位。

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