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Behaviour of Granular Soils Under Environmentally Induced Cyclic Loads

机译：环境引起的循环荷载作用下粒状土的行为

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摘要

Cyclic loading and its impacts are of practical relevance for many problems in geotechnical engineering. Some examples of non-endogenous nature are illustrated in Fig. 1. A cyclic loading may be caused by traffic (high-speed trains, magnetic levitation trains), industrial sources (crane rails, machine foundations), wind and waves (on-shore and off-shore wind power plants, coastal structures) or repeated filling and emptying processes (wa-tergates, tanks and silos). Furthermore, construction processes (e.g. vibro-installation of sheet piles) and mechanical compaction (e.g. vibratory compaction) impose cyclic loads into the soil. A cyclic loading of the soil may be also caused by endogenous sources. Earthquake events due to a slip between adjacent tectonic plates lead to a propagation of shear waves. The shear waves induce a cyclic shearing of the soil. The cyclic loading of the soil can lead to an accumulation of permanent deformations or to a possible liquefaction due to a build-up of excess pore water pressure.
机译：循环荷载及其影响对于岩土工程中的许多问题具有实际意义。非内生性质的一些示例如图1所示。周期性负载可能是由交通（高速火车，磁悬浮火车），工业资源（起重机轨道，机器基础），风浪（陆上）引起的。以及海上风力发电厂，沿海建筑物）或重复填充和清空过程（水闸，水箱和筒仓）。此外，施工过程（例如，板桩的振动安装）和机械压实（例如，振动压实）将周期性载荷施加到土壤中。土壤的周期性负荷也可能是内源性的。由于相邻构造板块之间的滑动而引起的地震事件导致了剪切波的传播。剪切波引起土壤的周期性剪切。由于不断增加的孔隙水压力，土壤的循环载荷会导致永久变形的积累或液化。

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