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首页> 外文会议>Mechanisms for Low-Light Therapy; Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging; vol.7 no.26 >Mechanisms of Low Level Light Therapy
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Mechanisms of Low Level Light Therapy

机译：低水平光疗法的机制

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摘要

The use of low levels of visible or near infrared light for reducing pain, inflammation and edema, promoting healing of wounds, deeper tissues and nerves, and preventing tissue damage has been known for almost forty years since the invention of lasers. Originally thought to be a peculiar property of laser light (soft or cold lasers), the subject has now broadened to include photobiomodulation and photobiostimulation using non-coherent light. Despite many reports of positive findings from experiments conducted in vitro, in animal models and in randomized controlled clinical trials, LLLT remains controversial. This likely is due to two main reasons; firstly the biochemical mechanisms underlying the positive effects are incompletely understood, and secondly the complexity of rationally choosing amongst a large number of illumination parameters such as wavelength, fluence, power density, pulse structure and treatment timing has led to the publication of a number of negative studies as well as many positive ones. In particular a biphasic dose response has been frequently observed where low levels of light have a much better effect than higher levels. This introductory review will cover some of the proposed cellular chromophores responsible for the effect of visible light on mammalian cells, including cytochrome c oxidase (with absorption peaks in the near infrared) and photoactive porphyrins. Mitochondria are thought to be a likely site for the initial effects of light, leading to increased ATP production, modulation of reactive oxygen species and induction of transcription factors. These effects in turn lead to increased cell proliferation and migration (particularly by fibroblasts), modulation in levels of cytokines, growth factors and inflammatory mediators, and increased tissue oxygenation. The results of these biochemical and cellular changes in animals and patients include such benefits as increased healing in chronic wounds, improvements in sports injuries and carpal tunnel syndrome, pain reduction in arthritis and neuropathies, and amelioration of damage after heart attacks, stroke, nerve injury and retinal toxicity.
机译：自从激光器发明以来，已经知道使用低水平的可见光或近红外光来减轻疼痛，炎症和水肿，促进伤口，更深的组织和神经的愈合以及防止组织损伤。最初被认为是激光（软或冷激光）的特有属性，现在该对象已扩大到包括使用非相干光的光生物调制和光生物刺激。尽管有许多关于在体外，动物模型和随机对照临床试验中获得的阳性结果的报道，但LLLT仍存在争议。这可能是由于两个主要原因。首先，对正效应潜在的生化机制的理解不完全，其次，在大量的照明参数（例如波长，能量密度，功率密度，脉冲结构和治疗时机）中进行合理选择的复杂性导致许多负面因素的发布。研究以及许多积极的研究。特别地，经常观察到双相剂量响应，其中低水平的光比高水平的光具有更好的效果。本介绍性综述将涵盖一些提出的负责可见光对哺乳动物细胞影响的细胞发色团，包括细胞色素C氧化酶（在近红外具有吸收峰）和光敏卟啉。线粒体被认为是光的初始作用的可能部位，从而导致ATP产生增加，活性氧的调节和转录因子的诱导。这些作用反过来导致增加的细胞增殖和迁移（特别是成纤维细胞），细胞因子，生长因子和炎性介质水平的调节，以及组织氧合的增加。动物和患者的这些生化和细胞变化的结果包括诸如改善慢性伤口的愈合，改善运动损伤和腕管综合症，减轻关节炎和神经病的疼痛以及减轻心脏病发作，中风，神经损伤后的伤害等益处。和视网膜毒性。

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