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Expert system in neonatal total parenteral nutrition

机译：新生儿全胃肠外营养专家系统

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This paper addresses the expert system design methodology in determining the total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for neonatal patients. The TPN is recommended for initiation of nutrition for the patients who are unable to tolerate any external feeds. Nutrition plays an important and crucial role in the management of neonatal patients. TPN calculation depends on the requirement of the patient's calories, volume of fluid, electrolytes, and other less significant factors. The calculation must be consistent with several factors; some of the determining factors are: age, weight, electrolytic status, and clinical condition of the patient. The knowledge based approach will assist the physicians in their determination of the required parameters. This study explains various rules that must be programmed into the knowledge base. The lipids, protein and carbohydrate intake is calculated based on the desired energy. The oral intake is taken into consideration for these calculations. The Level-5 expert system shell is used as an inference engine. The user interface is menu driven. The built-in inference engine works on the knowledge base to arrive at the desired output. The system performs at a level generally recognized as equivalent to that of a human expert, in this case a pediatrician and nutritionist. The actual neonatal TPN order sheet used at a University Medical Center was used as a model for design. The paper also addresses some knowledge engineering issues, i.e., the task of extracting knowledge from human experts, and translating it into a rule based format.
机译：本文介绍了用于确定新生儿患者总肠胃外营养（TPN）的专家系统设计方法。对于不能耐受任何外部饲料的患者，建议使用TPN开始营养。营养在新生儿患者的治疗中起着至关重要的作用。 TPN的计算取决于患者对卡路里，液体量，电解质和其他不太重要的因素的要求。计算必须与几个因素保持一致;一些决定性因素是：患者的年龄，体重，电解质状态和临床状况。基于知识的方法将帮助医生确定所需参数。这项研究解释了必须编程到知识库中的各种规则。根据所需的能量计算脂质，蛋白质和碳水化合物的摄入量。这些计算考虑了口服摄入量。 5级专家系统外壳用作推理引擎。用户界面是菜单驱动的。内置的推理引擎在知识库上工作，以达到所需的输出。该系统的运行水平通常被认为等同于人类专家（在这种情况下为儿科医生和营养师）的水平。在大学医学中心使用的实际新生儿TPN订购单被用作设计模型。本文还解决了一些知识工程问题，即从人类专家那里提取知识并将其转换为基于规则的格式的任务。

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