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A three-scales model for the dispersion of radioactive spots from nuclear emergencies. Application to the Baltic sea after the accident of Chernobyl

机译：核应急中放射性斑点扩散的三尺度模型。切尔诺贝利事故后在波罗的海的应用

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This model is a improved version of a previously published two-scales model (Toscano-Jimenez and Garcia-Tenorio, 2004) and includes the transport of particles in three spatial scales: small (kilometres), medium (decades of Arm), and large (hundreds of km). A 3D dispersion model has been developed to analyse and simulate the dispersion of nuclear contaminants in marine ecosystems. This model is characterized by presenting high spatial resolution, by taking into account the possible binding of a fraction of the contaminants to the suspended matter as well as its consequent sedimentation, and especially by formulating the diffusion processes using an original approach. The horizontal resolution of the model is 20 km, while for the vertical resolution a total of six layers are considered. The Baltic sea has been elected as the validation scenario of the model and the radionuclide Cs-137 as the radiotracer to be analysed. This scenario was the most contaminated ecosystem out of the Soviet Union due to the Chernobyl accident occurred at the end of April 1986, and the elected radiotracer Cs-137 was the main long-lived radioisotope emitted to the environment. A computation time of approximately 9 hours by using a Matlab code in a personal computer (AMD-1.4 GHz) was necessary. Different classical tools in oceanography as well as different numerical methods (Monte Carlo, finite differences) have been properly implemented in the model. The approaches adopted allow to save a lot of computational time (Toscano-Jimenez and Garcia-Tenorio,2003).
机译：该模型是先前发布的两尺度模型的改进版本（Toscano-Jimenez和Garcia-Tenorio，2004），包括三个空间尺度的粒子传输：小（千米），中（数十年臂）和大。 （几百公里）。已经开发了3D扩散模型来分析和模拟海洋生态系统中核污染物的扩散。该模型的特征是，通过考虑一部分污染物与悬浮物的可能结合以及随之而来的沉降，尤其是通过使用原始方法来制定扩散过程，可以提供高空间分辨率。模型的水平分辨率为20 km，而垂直分辨率总共考虑了六层。波罗的海已被选为该模型的验证方案，放射性核素Cs-137被选为要分析的放射性示踪剂。此方案是污染最严重的生态系统出了苏联因切尔诺贝利事故发生在1986年4月结束，并当选放射性铯137排放到环境中的主要长寿命的放射性同位素。通过在个人计算机（AMD-1.4 GHz）中使用Matlab代码，大约需要9个小时的计算时间。该模型中已正确实现了海洋学中不同的经典工具以及不同的数值方法（蒙特卡罗，有限差分）。所采用的方法可以节省大量的计算时间（Toscano-Jimenez和Garcia-Tenorio，2003年）。

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