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首页> 外文会议>Human Factors and Ergonomics Society annual meeting;HFES 2008 >Drivers' Performance in Response to Sight-Limited Crash Scenarios at Midblock Crosswalks: Evaluation of Advance Yield Markings and Symbolic Signage
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Drivers' Performance in Response to Sight-Limited Crash Scenarios at Midblock Crosswalks: Evaluation of Advance Yield Markings and Symbolic Signage

机译：驾驶员对中区人行横道视线受限的碰撞情况的反应：提前屈服标记和符号标牌的评估

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摘要

The objectives of this study are twofold: (1) to determine whether changes in drivers' yielding behavior are observed in sight-limited scenarios at marked mid-block crosswalks when advance yield markings and symbolic signage are installed and (2) to develop a mathematical model of drivers' performance in these scenarios that can be used to predict what improvements might be made in future pedestrian crosswalk signing. The methodology employed included standard videotaped observations of staged pedestrian-vehicle interactions as well as novel in-vehicle evaluations of eye movement data as a surrogate measure for hazard anticipation. Advance yield markings increase the likelihood that a driver will yield for a pedestrian when there is an adequate sight distance, confirming previous results. However, when the sight distance is not adequate, there is no change in the likelihood that a driver will yield. Interestingly, among those who do yield, the advance yield markings and symbolic signage lead to increases in both the distance between the stopped vehicle and the crossing pedestrian and the number of glances to the right for a potential pedestrian. The results indicate that adding advance yield markings without improving sight distance does not result in significant improvements in yielding behavior. The mathematical model suggests that it is the failure to see the pedestrian, not the failure to see the advance yield markings and symbolic sign, that explains why there is no improvement. The data suggest that parking must be prohibited in the area between the yield line and the crosswalk.
机译：这项研究的目的是双重的：（1）确定在安装提前屈服标记和符号标牌时，在标记的中段人行横道的视线受限的情况下，是否观察到驾驶员屈服行为的变化;（2）建立数学模型。在这些情况下的驾驶员绩效模型，可用于预测未来的人行横道签名可能会做出哪些改进。所采用的方法包括对分段的行人与车辆之间的相互作用进行标准录像观察，以及对眼动数据进行新颖的车载评估，以此作为对危险预期的一种替代措施。提前屈服标记会增加驾驶员在有足够视线距离时对行人屈服的可能性，从而确认先前的结果。然而，当视线距离不足时，驾驶员屈服的可能性不会改变。有趣的是，在那些屈服的人中，提前的屈服标记和象征性标志会导致停车的车辆与过路行人之间的距离以及潜在行人向右看的次数都增加。结果表明，在不提高视距的情况下添加预先的屈服标记不会导致屈服行为的显着改善。数学模型表明，看不到行人而不是看不到提前的屈服标记和符号标志，可以解释为什么没有改善。数据表明，在屈服线和人行横道之间的区域必须禁止停车。

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