• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文会议>International citrus congress >Management Challenges Posed by Citrus Canker for Production of Highly Susceptible Grapefruit in Florida
【24h】

Management Challenges Posed by Citrus Canker for Production of Highly Susceptible Grapefruit in Florida

机译：柑橘溃疡造成的管理挑战在佛罗里达州生产高度易感葡萄柚

获取原文
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Grapefruit is the most important fresh citrus species grown in Florida, but also the most canker susceptible. The end of the canker eradication campaign in January 2006 and the quarantine imposed on the state had an immediate impact on fresh fruit shipments from Florida to domestic and foreign markets. Presently, shipment to citrus-producing states is prohibited even if fruit show no symptoms. New regulations allow ' asymptomatic fruit' to be shipped to non-citrus-producing states regardless of canker presence in the grove. Inspections can be used to keep symptomatic fruit out of packed cartons when fruit originates from canker-exposed groves. However, if canker incidence on fruits in a block is greater than 2% -5% , the Argentine experience indicates that it will be difficult to eliminate all canker-affected fruit by culling in the packinghouse. No highly effective disease suppression strategies exist for grapefruit grown in wet, subtropical areas. In South America, integrated programs for prevention and control of canker on less susceptible sweet oranges, tangerines, and lemons have been successful. These areas combine the use of more field-resistant cultivars and multiple copper sprays in conjunction with windbreaks and leafminer control. Copper-based bactericides are necessary for protection of grapefruit as they grow from 2cm in diameter to full expansion. To protect fruit, copper must be applied every 21 days which can require 10 or more spray applications per season. The effectiveness of copper is overcome by wind-blown rain in excess of 8 m/sec that occurs frequently during the tropical weather season in Florida. Copper has other possible disadvantages including phytotoxicity to the peel, the development of resistance in xanthomonad populations and the accumulation of copper in soils with potential environmental impacts. Streptomycin is an alternative contact bactericide found to be effective, but the high cost and risk of development of antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations will limit its use in spray programs.
机译：葡萄柚是在佛罗里达州种植的最重要的新鲜柑橘品种，但也最容易溃疡。在溃疡病根除运动在2006年1月结束，并规定国家检疫对来自佛罗里达州的新鲜水果出货国内外市场产生直接影响。目前，装运柑橘生产国被禁止，即使水果没有出现任何症状。新规允许“无症状果”在小树林运到非柑橘生产国，无论溃疡病的存在。检查可用于保持对症水果出包装纸箱的时候，从溃疡暴露园水果起源。但是，如果在一个块水果溃疡发生率大于2％-5％，阿根廷的经验表明，这将是很难通过在屠宰扑杀，以消除所有溃疡病，受影响的水果。在潮湿，亚热带地区生长的柚子高度不存在有效的疾病的抑制策略。在南美洲，集成不易甜柑，桔为溃疡病的预防和控制计划，和柠檬都获得了成功。这些区域结合与防风林和潜叶蛾控制一起使用更耐场栽培品种和多个铜喷雾剂。因为他们由2厘米长，直径以充分扩张铜基杀菌剂是必要的柚子的保护。为了保护水果，铜必须每21天可要求每个赛季10个或更多喷涂应用应用。铜的有效性受到风吹雨淋超过8米/秒时在佛罗里达的热带气候季节往往发生克服。铜具有其他可能的缺点，包括药害剥离，阻力在xanthomonad人口发展和铜在土壤中的积累与环境的潜在影响。链霉素被发现是有效替代接触杀菌剂，但成本高，并在细菌种群抗生素耐药性的发展的风险将限制在喷涂程序的使用。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号