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Further biomimetic challenges from the bombardier beetle: the intricate chemical production system

机译：庞巴迪甲虫进一步的仿生挑战：复杂的化学生产系统

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Since the important work by Eisner showing the nature of the bombardier beetle pulse ejection system, a considerable number of biomimetic advantages have been gained by mimicking the unique spray system based on the unique coordinated inlet and outlet valve system that the beetle has. This paper discusses the equally remarkable production by the bombardier beetle of hydroquinone and hydrogen peroxide, followed by the catalytic combustion of these reactants and subsequent heating of the water diluent and the emergence of the hot caustic spray through a nozzle that can be turned in any direction. This paper considers the possible chemical mechanisms for the production of hydrogen peroxide within the narrow tube. The current production of peroxide is usually by a batch chemical autoxidation process involving a number of stages of which the two main ones are firstly a hydrogenation reaction of anthroquinone over Ni or Pd catalysts producing anthroquinol, then secondly followed by an oxidiser reaction where the anthroquinol is turned back to anthroquinone and hydrogen peroxide. This method involves considerable energy expended in heating and cooling at each stage and condensing out the peroxide from the water- H_2O_2 mixture at the end of the process. The bombardier beetle is able to produce the peroxide at room temperature with little energy loss in the system. Although there are some similarities to the current industrial method, the benefits of mimicking the beetle system are obviously very beneficial in terms of the greatly increased efficiency of peroxide production.
机译：自从Eisner的重要工作表明了庞巴迪甲虫脉冲喷射系统的本质以来，通过模仿基于甲虫独特的进口和出口阀系统的独特喷雾系统，已经获得了许多仿生优势。本文讨论了庞巴迪甲虫对苯二酚和过氧化氢的同样出色的生产，随后这些反应物的催化燃烧，随后的水稀释剂加热以及通过可向任意方向旋转的喷嘴出现的热碱喷雾的出现。 。本文考虑了在细管内产生过氧化氢的可能化学机理。当前过氧化物的生产通常是通过分批化学自氧化工艺进行的，该工艺涉及多个阶段，其中两个主要步骤是：蒽醌在Ni或Pd催化剂上的氢化反应生成蒽醌，然后其次是氧化剂反应，其中蒽醌为转回蒽醌和过氧化氢。该方法涉及在每个阶段的加热和冷却中消耗大量能量，并在该过程结束时从水-H_2O_2混合物中冷凝出过氧化物。庞巴迪甲虫能够在室温下产生过氧化物，而系统中的能量损失很小。尽管与当前的工业方法有一些相似之处，但是从极大提高过氧化物生产效率的角度来看，模仿甲虫系统的好处显然非常有益。

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