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The Investigation of the Effect of Raw Materials in Packaging Costs

机译：原材料对包装成本的影响研究

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Packaging is the entirety of techniques used to protect and store the product in distribution, storage, retail and usage. Packaging is a precious medium that serves to protect its physical attributes, secure it from the external effects, keep it clean, make transportation easier and also advertise the product it contains. Packaging is also a silent means of communication between the consumer and the product.Primitive packaging is almost synchronous with the human history. The first primeval packaging became the modern varied one after the changes it underwent. The first packaging materials were barrels, chests, earthenware, leather bags, and sacks. Nowadays they are made of more common and economic materials such as paper/cardboard, plastics, glass and metal. These varied materials are processed with respect to design, printing and post printing processes to become the end product for packaging. There are a number of printing processes to produce packaging from a raw material. The choice of the appropriate method is not a random one. Both cost and the technical compliance are very important. For example the printing of cardboard box in large quantities should not be done with silk screen printing. Another important aspect in packaging production is the economics of the material used, because this will have a direct effect on the product price the company will take this into account while ordering a particular packaging. The revenue of the products has diminished because of the costs of the packaging materials which is thought to be effective in consumer's purchasing decision. In designing the package of the product, there are some crucial factors like physical effects on the natural environment and the visual effects on consumer. Also other factors are the type and the cost of the packaging materials, the method of printing and the cost of the processes after the printing activity. The selection of the printing on the package is determined by the texture of the materials and the quantity.In this study, alternative packages which are made of metal, wooden, plastic and cardboard for a candy, already in sales, are designed. For each alternative material, models are prepared, appropriate printing for each type is suitably chosen and the packaging costs for 10.000 units are calculated. By using graphics and tables the cost of the materials are compared and optimum packaging material is determined.
机译：包装是用于在分发，存储，零售和使用中保护和存储产品的全部技术。包装是一种宝贵的媒介，可以保护其物理属性，保护其免受外部影响，保持清洁，使运输更容易并且还对其包含的产品进行广告宣传。包装也是消费者与产品之间无声的交流手段。原始包装几乎与人类历史同步。在经历了变化之后，第一个原始包装变成了现代的包装。首先的包装材料是桶，箱，陶器，皮袋和麻袋。如今，它们是由更常见和经济的材料制成的，例如纸/纸板，塑料，玻璃和金属。这些不同的材料在设计，印刷和后期印刷过程中经过处理，成为包装的最终产品。有许多印刷工艺可以从原材料生产包装。适当方法的选择不是随机的。成本和技术合规性都非常重要。例如，不应使用丝网印刷来大量印刷纸箱。包装生产中的另一个重要方面是所用材料的经济性，因为这将直接影响产品价格，公司在订购特定包装时会考虑到这一点。由于包装材料的成本降低了产品的收入，而包装材料的成本被认为对消费者的购买决定有效。在设计产品包装时，有一些关键因素，例如对自然环境的物理影响以及对消费者的视觉影响。其他因素还包括包装材料的类型和成本，印刷方法以及印刷活动之后的工艺成本。包装上印刷的选择取决于材料的质地和数量。在本研究中，设计了已经销售的由金属，木质，塑料和硬纸板制成的糖果替代包装。对于每种替代材料，都要准备模型，并为每种类型选择适当的印刷方式，并计算10.000单位的包装成本。通过使用图形和表格，可以比较材料成本并确定最佳包装材料。

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